440 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [JUNE 
OBSERVATIONS: This species is found to intergrade with its variety where 
they meet on the mountain sides of the southern peaks; intermediate and 
atypical specimens having been examined from Grandfather Mt., S.C.; at 
Coahuita, and on Orizaba Mt., Mexico. Fertile examples of the species are 
rare, and the apothecia always smaller than in the variety. 
EVERNIA FURFURACEA var. CERATEA (Ach.) Nyl. 
Type: Not indicated; but the specimens on which the species was based 
are in the Acharian herbarium, Universitets Botaniska Institution, Hel- 
singfors. These specimens have been kindly sent me for examination by 
r. FRED. ELFVING. e two labelled “var. ceratea” are typical fruited speci- 
mens, showing the characteristic “corniculato ramosis,” and nearly smooth 
us. The specimens of the varieties 8 nuda and 4 scobisina (see figure) 
were formerly indicated on the mounts by * and tf, but these marks were 
either erased by AcCHARIUS or some later worker, so that the exact identifi- 
cation of the (sterile) specimens referred to is in doubt. In any event, the 
specimens are referable to the species furfuracea rather than to the corniculate 
variety. The variety 7 scobisina is indistinguishable from the species, being 
only a name for a more isidiod contingent phase, while nuda was not recog: 
nized in the Methodus (1803) as were the other varieties, but was first described 
in 1810. Nuda represents a contingent phase of furfuracea unworthy of bagel 
ognition, transitional at best, though curiously enough the only one retained 
by Acharius in the Synopsis of 1814. : 
E LOCALITY: Not indicated, but the above specimens are labelled 
“Svecia.” f 
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: “thalli laciniis angustioribus suberectus cornl- 
culato-ramosis acuminatis supra incanis glabris nudiusculis.” 
FIGURE: none. 
SynonyMy: Parmelia furfuracea B ceratea Ach. Method. Lich. 2+255- 18035 
Evernia furfuracea var. ceratea (Ach.) Nyl. Lich. Scand. 73. 1861. : 
D1acnosis: Similar to last, glabrous, branches subcylindrical neat apices, 
apothecia ample. 
DEscrIPTION: typical; similar to last. Thallus more 8705 
cortex glabrous above, sometimes verrucoso-papillate, TUgose va 
pitted, black spermogones frequent, branches distally subcylindri” 
cal, often linear. A pothecia common, at length crowded, ample 
(max. diameter 1.8 cm.). Spores as in last. : 
CONTINGENT PHASES: reduced branches with apices alik 
both sides, entangled (E. furfuracea var. Cladonia Tuck.). 
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Confined to alpine regions of the Boreal 
zone at altitudes of over 3000 ft. It occurs on the Appalachian range: 1D 
New Hampshire on the White Mts.; in Vermont I have seen it only from Mt. 
e on 
