1911] LIPMAN—SOIL BACTERIA 457 
Proteo-bacteria.—Organisms capable of transforming nitrogen compounds 
into protein. 
Azoto-bacteria.—Organisms capable of changing elementary into combined 
nitrogen. 
De-ammono-bacteria.—Organisms capable of transforming ammonia into 
nitrogen compounds other than nitrites or nitrates. 
De-nitro-bacteria.—Organisms capable of reducing nitrates to nitrites, 
ammonia, nitrous or nitric oxide. 
De-proteo-bacteria.—Organisms capable of transforming protein into more 
simple cleavage products. 
De-azoto-bacteria—Organisms capable of liberating elementary nitrogen 
from nitrogen compounds 
Sulpho-bacteria—Organisms capable of oxidizing hydrogen sulphide to 
elementary sulphur, sulphites, or sulphates. 
De-sulpho-bacteria.—Organisms capable of reducing sulphates to sulphites 
or sulphides. 
Ferri-bacteria.—Organisms capable of transforming ferrous into ferric 
compounds. 
CORRESPONDING TERMS . 
Ammonification Deammonification 
Nitrification Denitrification 
Proteofication a aa 
Azotofication Deazotoficatio 
Sulphofication Des Rao RENTS 
Ferrification Deferrification 2 
Of the eleven groups of bacteria named.above, eight consist of 
Organisms concerned in the transformation or increase of com- 
bined nitrogen. The ammono-bacteria consist of amino-ammono, 
pepto-ammono, and proteo-ammono, according to the source of 
the ammonia. It will be noted that the first part of the combined 
term refers to the initial product and the second part to the final 
Product. Thus, proteo-ammono-bacteria are organisms capable 
of forming ammonia out of protein. It is evident, of course, that 
a single organism may be able to produce ammonia out of both 
peptone and protein, and it could be designated, therefore, as pepto- 
ammono and likewise as proteo-ammono. Similarly, the nitro- 
bacteria include the nitri- and the nitra-bacteria. The latter in 
their turn may consist of ammono-nitra and nitri-nitro, the assump- 
tion being in this case that there are species capable of oxidizing 
ammonia directly to nitrates. 
