6 BOTANICAL GAZETTE ;  [yuty 
peat deposits in the United States, the Pymatuning tamarack 
swamp in Ashtabula County are similar members of this inter- 
esting chain of water basins marking the less perfectly drained sum- 
mit of divides. The depressions on such summits receive water 
which creates no surplus and hence has almost no eroding powers. 
Buckeye Lake is now an extensive body of water, about 10 miles 
(16 km.) long, and one mile (1.6 km.) wide, but was originally a 
pond in the glacial drift, containing approximately 595 acres (238 
hectars). Its chief water supply today is the south branch of the 
Licking River. 
The lake basin lies near the binthioustenn margin of the terminal 
moraine. The main western member of the morainic system is 
about 3-5 miles (5-8 km.) in width. It presents marked differ- 
ences in topography, the closely aggregated knolls and ridges 
rendering the belt readily distinguishable from the bordering plain. 
The knolls are generally conical in form with gentle slopes, ordi- 
narily about 25-100 feet (7.5-30 m.) in height. These knolls were 
apparently formed at the time the gravel plain was being built 
up. They are thought to indicate that the head of the gravel 
plain was built up as a submarginal deposit to about its present 
height before the ice sheet had withdrawn from over it (20). The 
lake basin under discussion resulted from the comparatively slow 
retreat of glaciers and the consequent greater deposition of gla- 
cial material about the edge of a body of ice in an old glacial drain- 
age channel. The “kettle” is characterized by comparatively 
steep slopes. Up to 1832 the lake was surrounded by about 
3000 acres (1200 hectars) of swamp land covered with large 
trees (fig. 2). The report of Captain CHITTENDEN, as quoted by 
Gray (15), gives the area of the lake at that time as 3300 acres 
(1320 hectars), which agrees very closely with its area as deter- 
mined by later surveys. The present lake was formed in 1828 
and completed in 1832, to serve as a reservoir for the Ohio and 
Erie Canal. The surface water was raised about 8 feet (2.4 m.) 
by forming a dike around the west end and a part of the north 
side of the swamp. It was hoped to supply the Ohio Canal with 
water from Newark to Little Walnut Creek, south of Lockville, 
a distance of 31 miles (5 km.), and the deficiency between Little 
