1910] YOUNG—PODOCARPINEAE 93 
The first suggestion of relationship between the two groups came 
from the study of the male gametophyte. This has recently been 
supplemented by studies of Saxegothaea, which have brought out 
striking resemblances to certain species of araucarians. The geo- 
graphic distribution is also suggestive of alliance between these two 
great southern groups. 
THE MALE GAMETOPHYTE 
In the Araucarineae, as in the Podocarpineae, there are two 
original prothallial cells, from which by subsequent divisions a more 
or less extensive tissue is formed. In Araucarineae there may be 
as many as thirty cells (LOPRIORE 10; THOMPSON 21). JEFFREY 
and CHRYSLER (7) found an apparently mature pollen grain of 
Agathis australis with a prothallial complex of eight cells, which 
is the situation in some species of Podocarpus. Other species of 
Podocar pus have four cells, resulting from a single division of each 
original prothallial cell. In Dacrydium, Saxegothaea, and Micro- 
cachrys there are two to four permanent prothallial cells, in Phyllo- 
cladus one to three. Thus we have a complete overlapping prothallial 
reduction series from A gathis to Phyllocladus. 
The generative cell is found in Araucarineae as in the others, but 
the division into stalk and body cell has not been observed. Unless 
this division takes place in the tube, as is true of most conifers, it 
must either have been eliminated or missed in the preparations. The 
otherwise close correspondence with the gametophyte of Podocar- 
pineae inclines one toward the latter supposition. Further work is 
needed on this point. 
THE OVULE AND FEMALE G TE 
The single inverted ovule is characteristic of both families. The 
inversion was probably developed independently, however, in the 
two lines. In Saxegothaea, as has been said before, the young ovule 
changes from an erect to an inverted position in the course of its 
development. The free nucellus of Dacrydium and Phyllocladus is 
a primitive feature which they have in common with araucarians. 
The female gametophyte, as before stated, is little known. A 
