1910] YOUNG—PODOCARPINEAE 95 
tendency toward protosiphonogamic fertilization, significant in relat- 
ing Saxegothaea to the araucarians. 
A good deal of stress has been laid recently on the distribution of 
the vascular bundles in the ovulate sporophylls. Stizxs finds the 
branching in Saxegothaea very similar in the main to Araucaria 
Rulei and A. Cookei, and the arrangement in Microcachrys, though 
not unlike that of Saxegothaea, resembles more closely A. Bidwillii. 
TIsoN agrees essentially with St1xEs in regard to the details in Saxe- 
gothaea, but finds greater resemblance to A. brasiliana and A. imbri- 
cala. 
RESULTS 
STILES, Nor£éN, THompson, and Tison all agree in the relation- 
ship of the two groups, the intermediate position of Saxegothaea, 
and the simple structure of the ovulate scale in the two families, but 
they differ somewhat in the application of their results. STILEs 
Says: “While we must wait for fuller knowledge before making any 
definite statement, it would appear that these two orders of Conifer- 
ales are descended from some common ancestor with its micro- 
and megasporophylls both arranged spirally in cones. Along one 
line of descent we find the Araucarieae, along the other is Saxego- 
thaea leading on to M icrocachrys and the other Podocarpeae.”’ 
Norén comes to the same conclusion, regarding Saxegothaea as 
Hearest to the Araucarineae, but unquestionably a member of the 
Podocarpineae; but Tison considers it more closely related to the 
latter group, and regards Microcachrys as the connecting link. 
But it is the attempt to homologize the ovulate structures of conifers 
that has given rise to the greatest amount of discussion. In conifers 
with foliar ovules, as is well known, there is more or less completely 
represented a double system of bundles, that from which the ovule 
Sets its supply being inverse to the other. The two systems may 
originate Separately from the axis, or the one supplying the ovule 
may arise at various situations from the other. The former varies 
also in extent, from a considerably branched system to one or two 
weakly differentiated bundles. 
Worspext (23) in 1899 made a study of the distribution of the 
vascular bundles in various conifers, and in rg00 (24) published a 
