180 ANNALS NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 



same group as the other species of Caninia, but possesses very distinctive 

 characters. The discarding of C. cornu-hovis as identical with C. cornu- 

 copice would leave C. patida as the first described species in the Iconog- 

 raphie and thus it would become the type. Eecognizing the true rela- 

 tions that have just been pointed out, it is evident that C. patula must 

 give way to C. cornucopice as the genotype of Caninia. 



In 1844 Scouler (7, 187) introduced the name Siphonopliyllia with 

 Caninia gigantea Michelin as his genotype, giving as his diagnostic char- 

 acter the peculiar kind of fossula formed by the down-bending and invagi- 

 nation of successive tabulae. This name, however, has never been used. 



Edwards and Haime in 1851 gave a complete discussion of the earlier 

 forms which had been described, and they made CaryopliyUia cornicula 

 Lesueur the type of Zaplirentis, for they found that 'of the five species of 

 Zaphrentis given by Eafinesque and Clifford, Z. phrygia was the only 

 one recognizable and this they identified as being the same as Lesueur^s 

 CaryopliyUia cornicula. Since both Eafinesque and Clifford's, and Le- 

 sueur's papers appeared in scientific journals in the same year, there is 

 no way of telling from a mere inspection of these volumes which one was 

 published first, but apparently Edwards and Haime consider that Lesueur 

 has precedence. The synonymy for Zaphrentis cornicula thus includes 

 CaryopliyUia cornicula Lesueur, Zaphrentis phrygia Eafinesque and Clif- 

 ford, CaryopliyUia coi-nicuJa Milne Edwards (3, 351), Caninia punctata 

 D'Orbigny. Z. corwicula is described as 



a slightly elongated coue, rather strongly curved at the base, especially in 

 young forms, and surrounded by a thin epitheca showing swellings and circular 

 constrictions. Uniform and rather fine ribs can be detected in some indi- 

 viduals, cutting obliquely the dorsal line, which follows the convex curvature. 

 Calyx circular, large and deep ; fossula oblong, deep, situated near the convex 

 curvature and prolonged above to form a marked groove. Septa rather regu- 

 larly radiating. Ordinarily 72 to 92 septa may be counted, alternating and 

 somewhat unequal, strongly serrate, thin, very narrow above, not exert. Their 

 margin divided into projecting points, serrate, scarcely horizontal and largest 

 in the middle of the free portion. The principal septa reach the center of the 

 calyx, where they are covered and slightly raised. In certain individuals, in 

 which the upper tabula is removed, and in which possibly some septa are partly 

 destroyed, a small smooth portion at the center of the tabulje may be seen. 

 The large examples are 8 centimeters high, the cal.vx is 5 centimeters in diam- 

 eter and 3 centimeters deej). Young forms are often found which are only 3 

 centimeters deep and 2 centimeters in diameter.* 



^ "Polypier en cOne m^diocrement aUonge, h base assez fortement arquee, surtout dans 

 le jeune age, et entour6 d'une epith^qiie mince et presentant quclques bourrelets et quel- 

 ques ^tranglements circulaires. On distingue sur quelques individus des cot6s ^gales et 

 assez fines, qui viennent couper obllquement la ligne dorsal qui suit la grande courbure. 

 Calice circulaire, grande et profonde, fossette septale oblongue, profonde, situee du cot6 



