268 ANNALS NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 



The following definitions of habitus and heritage were given : 



The habitus of a race of fishes is the totality of their caenotelic char- 

 acters, i. e., of all those characters which have been evolved in adaptation 

 to their latest habits and environment. 



The heritage of a race of fishes is the totality of their palaeotelic char- 

 acters, i. e., of all those characters which were evolved in adaptation to 

 earlier habits and environments and which were transmitted in a more 

 or less unchanged condition, in spite of later changes in habits and 

 environment. 



The locomotive apparatus of all fishes affords illustrations of the con- 

 ceptions designated as habitus and heritage, e. g., the habitus of Lepido- 

 siren is eel-like, its heritage is Dipnoan ; the habitus of Lampreys is also 

 more or less eel-like, but their heritage is with the Cyclostomes; the 

 habitus of Thoracopterus, a fossil -Ganoid described by Abel, is much like 

 that of the true flying fishes (Exocoetidae), but its heritage is that of the 

 Pholidophoridae. 



The habitus of a race tends to conceal its remote phylogenetic relation- 

 ships; the heritage reveals them. Caenotelic and palseotelic, habitus and 

 heritage, are correlative terms. A palaeotelic character becomes caeno- 

 telic through a change of function. 



This paper was illustrated with lantern slides. 



The Section then adjourned. 



William K. Gregory, 



Secretary. 



SECTION OF ANTHEOPOLOGY AXD PSYCHOLOGY 



24 February, 1913 



The Section met in conjunction with the New York Branch of the 

 American Psychological Association, Professor B. S. Wood worth pre- 

 siding. 



The following programme was offered : 



F. Krueger, Difference Tones and Consonance. 



Raymond Dodge, The Attempt to Measure Mental Work as a 



Psycho-Dynamic Process. 

 Robert M. Yerkes, The Psychology of the Earthworm. 

 John B. Watson, Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It. 



C. C. Trowbridge, Methods of Orientation and Imaginary 



Maps. 

 C. C. Trowbridge, The Probable Explanation of Certain 



Flock Formations of Birds. 



