REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR IQII 53 



trees had been set in the vicinity of abundant Cicada colonies and, 

 as a resuh, were severely injured. 



During the period covered by this report, Miastor larvae were dis- 

 covered by the Entomologist, their biology ascertained in large 

 measure, their amenability to laboratory conditions demonstrated, and 

 owing to the value of this information to teachers, a discussion 

 (illustrated with a series of photomicrographs) of pedogenesis in 

 this insect and its allies was .included as an appendix to the Ento- 

 mologist's report for 1910. Subsequent studies have confirmed the 

 observations referred to above and have shown a wide distribution 

 for Miastor. 



Fruit pests. The experiments with the codling moth or apple 

 worm were continued in the orchard of ^Iv W. H. Hart of Pough- 

 keepsie and in those of [Messrs Edward A^an Alstyne and William 

 Hotaling at Kinderhook. Special pains were taken to secure uniform 

 plots of ample size and to see that the treatment was thorough. 

 Each plot, as last year, except in the case of Air Hotaling's orchard, 

 consisted of forty-two trees, the fruit from the central six alone 

 being counted. The relative value of one, two and three sprayings, 

 and also of one application made three weeks after the blossoms 

 dropped, was ascertained. The results compare closely with those 

 obtained in 1909 and go far to show that the conditions in 191 o 

 were exceptional. One thorough application last season resulted, in 

 the case of trees bearing a fair crop, in from over 98 to more than 

 99 per cent of worm-free fruit. This should prove most encouraging 

 to the fruit grower, since the work was done under practical condi- 

 tions which can be duplicated in almost any section. Assistant 

 Entomologist Young assisted in the field work, classified the wormy 

 fruit and computed the tabulated data. 



The work of 191 1 with the codling moth has been correlated with 

 that of the two preceding years and affords the most comprehensive 

 data yet secured as to the possibilities with one spraying under 

 varied conditions. These results should be of practical value in 

 enabling the fruit grower to determine for himself the advisability 

 of spraying more than once in any season. 



Observations by the Entomologist show that the San Jose scale, 

 while a serious fruit tree pest, is being generally controlled, though 

 some fruit growers are not entirely successful, in fact due in large 

 m.easure to difficulties in treatment. Some of the latter are excess- 

 ively large or inaccessible trees, adverse weather conditions at the 

 time the work should be done or defects in equipment. The con- 



