REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR I913 85 



sprayed orchards were seriously injured in earlier years and, as a 

 rule, he believes that fruit growers must continue to rely upon 

 applications of lime-sulphur washes for the control of this perni- 

 cious enemy. 



Injuries by red bugs, two very similar species of which are known 

 to occur in New York, were so abundant in one orchard near 

 Poughkeepsie as to deform about one-third of a large crop of 

 greenings. A brief account of this outbreak is given in the Entomo- 

 logist's report. 



The work of the pear thrips, one of the newer fruit pests, was 

 studied in the vicinity of Athens, and a marked localization of 

 injury observed as in earlier years. A detailed account of this 

 insect has been given in the Entomologist's report for 1912. 



The pear psylla is a pest of considerable importance, especially 

 in the western part of the State, and occasionally very injurious 

 in the Hudson valley. Incidentally the practical value of late 

 spring applications of a lime-sulphur wash for the control of this 

 insect w^as demonstrated in a badly infested orchard near Athens. 



A new grape enemy which may become of considerable import- 

 ance to growers in the Niagara section, in particular, has been dis- 

 covered. It may be known as the handed grape hug. Its work is 

 described and a discussion of its habits and the best methods of 

 control are given in the Entomologist's report. 



A number of other insect pests of fruits have been studied and 

 records concerning them are given in a series of classified notes. 



Gipsy moth. The small colony of the gipsy moth discovered last 

 year appears to have been completely exterminated. This occur- 

 rence proves, in a concrete manner, the ever present possibility of 

 the insect becoming established in New York territory, and amply 

 justifies the maintenance of rigid precautions to prevent this. Ever- 

 greens and shrubbery grown in sections where gipsy moth is known 

 to occur should be examined most carefully ; especially is this true 

 of the former. The presence of broken tgg masses usually means 

 the occurrence of living eggs in the packing material or about the 

 roots of the plants in the same bale or box, and a due regard for 

 the public welfare necessitates the destruction of the shipment or 

 the part of the shipment exposed to infestation of this character. 



Brown-tail moth. There is little to report concerning the brown- 

 tail moth, though the danger of its establishing itself in the State 

 has not decreased. It is only a question of time before this occurs. 

 The winter nests are so characteristic that there should be little 

 difficulty in recognizing the pest and at the outset preventing its 

 becoming extremely abundant. 



