O NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Iron ores, pyrite, rock salt, gypsum, graphite and talc are wholly or 

 mainly produced by mining operations in the strict sense, as con- 

 trasted with open-cast methods ; the total quantity of these materials 

 raised in 1913 was 3,156,643 tons against 2,722,648 tons in 1912. 



The products on which the valuations above mentioned are based 

 number over thirty in all and with few exceptions represent the 

 materials as they come from the mines and quarries without elabo- 

 ration or manufacture, except so much as is necessary to put them 

 in marketable form. They do not include secondary products like 

 iron and steel, sulphuric acid, aluminum, carborundum, calcium car- 

 bide, alkali products, etc., the manufacture of which constitutes a 

 very large industry with an annual output that has a much greater 

 value than that returned by the industries covered in this report. 



Among the metallic minerals found in the State, iron ore is the 

 most important from an industrial standpoint. The gross output 

 of this ore last year was 1,606,196 long tons. After allowance for 

 concentration, which is practised by the Adirondack mines, there re- 

 mained a total of 1,217,899 long tons of shipping ore which had a 

 ■\ alue of $3,870,841, as compared with 1,057,702 long tons valued at 

 $3,349,095 for the year 1912. Both the mmes in the Clinton belt in 

 the middle of the State and those in the Adirondacks increased their 

 output, but the latter to a greater extent. Exploration of the iron 

 ore continued to receive attention and further advances in this field 

 may be looked for in the future. 



The clay-working industries generally did not have a very pros- 

 perous season, as the demand for structural materials was rather 

 quiet. The aggregate output of all classes of clay materials was 

 valued at $12,077,872, about the same figure as in 1912, but there 

 was actually a falling off in clay-building materials like brick and 

 terra cotta. The decline in these branches, however, found compen- 

 sation in the gains reported in the paving brick and pottery branches. 

 A very large development of the paving brick industry is to be ex- 

 pected in the next few years, as a result of the increasing demand 

 for use of the more permanent materials in highway construction. 



The cement industry, especially the portland branch, showed a 

 marked advance. The output of portland cement exceeded 5,000,- 

 000 barrels for the first time since the establishment of plants in the 

 State, the actual quantity being 5,146,782 barrels with a value of 

 $4,873,807. The natural cement trade on the other hand was on a 

 decreasing scale and the production amounts to but 193,975 barrels 

 valued at $95,565, a mere fraction of the former output. 



