THE MINING AND QUARRY INDUSTRY I9I3 29 



Foster Paving Block Co., Binghamton. This plant began to 

 operate in Ma}- 191 3, under the name of the Binghamton Paving 

 Block Co. The plant, which is situated about 2 miles north of 

 Binghamton, on the line of the Delaware & Hudson railroad is of the 

 most modern construction. The shale in use is the blue and brown 

 variety from the Chemung formation, which alternates with thin 

 beds of blue sandstone. There is a little surface clay which is taken 

 as it comes with the shale, no attempt being made to separate the 

 two materials. The equipment consists of two dry pans, one high- 

 speed machine, waste heat dryer and six rectangular down-draft 

 kilns. It is the intention of the company to increase the number of 

 kilns to twelve. The products consist of wire-cut lug paving block, 

 common vitrified brick and rough-faced brick. When completed, the 

 plant will have an estimated daily output of 75,000 brick. 



Tidewater Paving Brick Co., Catskill. This plant, situated so 

 as to have only water transportation, secures its supply of red Che- 

 mung shale at Cairo, a distance of 10 miles from the village of Cats- 

 kill. Transportation is by means of a narrow gauge steam road. 

 The supply of soft plastic clay, which is a necessary addition to this 

 shale, is brought from a distance of about a mile. The product 

 consists of repressed paving brick, common vitrified and rough- 

 faced brick. The shale is pulverized in dry pans and stored in bins 

 until ready for the machine. Two machines are in use, one for 

 paving brick and the other for common and rough-faced brick. 

 Steam tunnels are used in drying and the product is burned in rec- 

 tangular down-draft kilns. The Haight type continuous kiln, for- 

 merly in use, has been dismantled as the haul from the machine was 

 too long for the economical production of paving brick. Anthracite 

 coal, pea size, is used with a steam forced draft in burning. 



Elmira Shale Brick Co., Elmira. This plant is not operating 

 and has been dismantled of machinery used in the manufacture of 

 paving brick. 



Brick, Terra Cotta and Tile Co., Corning. This company is 

 engaged in the manufacture of terra cotta, paving brick and com- 

 mon vitrified brick. The shale, which is of a bluish color, is ob- 

 tained about a mile from the plant. Clay is not mixed with the 

 shale. The material is pulverized in dry pans and the green bricks 

 are dried with steam heat or hot air. Burning is accomplished in 

 circular down-draft kilns with bituminous coal. Railroad transpor- 

 tation is the only method available for the finished product. 



Sterling Brick Co., Olean. This property, situated in East 



