THE MINING AND QUARRY INDUSTRY I9I3 3I 



brick are all repressed. Drying is accomplished in steam tunnels 

 having a combined capacity of 400 cars. There are five rectangular 

 down-draft kilns, each having a capacity of 190,000, and one Haight 

 continuous kiln of fifty-five chambers, each chamber having a 

 capacity of 15,000 paving and common brick. Bituminous coal is 

 used as fuel. The green bricks are set twenty-two high with paving 

 and six lower layers in common brick. They settle about 15 inches 

 with a ten or eleven days" burn. The daily output is about 66,000. 



F. C. Campbell, Newfield. This plant was situated about a mile 

 north of the village, along the line of the Lehigh Valley R. R. The 

 mixture of clay and shale was ground in dry pans, then screened 

 and formed in an auger machine. All paving bricks were side cut 

 and repressed either by hand or power. Tunnel dryers were iT^cd 

 and the material was burned in down-draft and continuous kilns, 

 using coal. The plant has not been in operation for many years. 



New York Paving Brick Co., Syracuse. This plant, situated at 

 Geddes, was the only one in this State to make a paving brick en- 

 tirely from clay. The material was brought from Three River 

 Point on the Oswego. The product was formed in a soft mud ma- 

 chine and a stiff mud plunger machine. In the latter case the ma- 

 terial was repressed. The green bricks were dried in tunnels using 

 waste heat and burned in rectangular and circular down-draft kilns. 

 The product was sold mostly in the local markets. At present no 

 paving bricks are being made by this company. 



New York State Plant, Elmira. The construction of a paving 

 brick plant to be operated by prison labor is contemplated in 

 an enactment by the last Legislature. A site for the plant has been 

 selected in the vicinity of the State Reformatory at Elmira. The 

 local shales are said to have given satisfactory results when manu- 

 factured and burned under working conditions. It is proposed to 

 use the product in the southern tier of counties which are almost 

 devoid of other materials for highway construction of permanent 

 character. 



EMERY 



The emery business, which is confined to a few small operations 

 near Peekskill, has not been very active in the last year or two. 

 The shipments during 1913 as reported by the companies to whom 

 they were made, amounted to 611 short tons, valued at $7332. In 

 1912 .the shipments were reported as 589 short tons valued at 

 $6749, and in the earlier years were still larger, reaching as high as 

 1500 tons at one time. 



