86 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



The other counties reporting a value of over $100,000 in 191 3 were 

 Dutchess, Genesee, Rockland, Niagara, Warren, Albany, Clinton and 

 Schoharie in the order of their output. The Wickwire Limestone 

 Co. opened a flux quarry at Gasport, Niagara county. 



The distribution of the production of limestone for the years 1912 

 and 1913 is shown in the accompanying tables. 



Crushed stone. Limestone finds its principal application as 

 crushed stone in which form it is employed for road metal, concrete 

 and railroad ballast. There are large quarries supplying crushed 

 stone in Erie, Genesee, Onondaga, Dutchess, Ulster, Rockland and 

 Westchester counties. The canal, highway and other public im- 

 provements in current progress have created large markets for the 

 material, and the production has shown a steady increase. A con- 

 siderable quantity of the fines made by the crushing plants is sold for 

 agricultural purposes as a substitute for burnt rock or lime. 



The value of the crushed stone for 191 3 reached a total of $2,386,- 

 632 against $2,176,368 for the preceding year. As already stated, 

 the total does not comprise the stone crushed by contractors in tem- 

 porary plants for use on the highway system. The actual quantity 

 of stone produced by the crushing plants was 3,945,543 cubic yards, 

 as compared with 3,559,257 cubic yards in 1912. 



Lime. The value of the lime made for market last year was 

 $486,908 as compared with $452,002 in 1912. In quantity it 

 amounted to 110,083 short tons against 93,176 short tons in 1912. 

 In addition there was a large output made in connection with chem- 

 ical manufactures, such as alkali, carbide etc., which as it was mar- 

 keted in the form of lime has been included in the tables under 

 " Other uses." The principal lime-burning industry is in Warren, 

 Washington, Clinton, JeiTerson, Fulton, Madison and Dutchess coun- 

 ties. The increase shown in the last two or three years may be 

 attributed to the growing use of lime for agricultural purposes. 



Building stone. The product of building stone has diminished 

 steadily from year to year. The output of $101,198 recorded for 

 191 3 was less than half the total returned five years ago. The de- 

 cline has been caused by the lessened demand for building stone and 

 not to. any exhaustion of the quarries. The wide use of concrete 

 and steel , construction in the. cities has changed the whole mat'ket 

 situation, reducing the sales of cut stone, but giving a great impetus 

 to the crushed stone business. 



The total value of the building stone quarried in 1913 was $101,- 

 198, as compared with $108,581 in the preceding year. Erie county, 



