D NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



intermediate shore lines attributed them to glacial waters controlled 

 by the ice front on the 'Champlain side of the Covey Hill salient. 

 This necessitated an examination of the Champlain valley features, 

 and eventually led to a comparison Oif the high-level water planes 

 throughout the entire Champlain-Hudson valley. With the help of 

 later topographic surveys and new maps it was found that the sup- 

 posed glacial waters in the Hudson valley (Lake Albany) and in 

 the Champlain section (Lake Vermont) were in fact only north- 

 ward extension of sea-level waters. It appeared that the amount 

 of land depression at the close of giaciation was greater than had 

 been supposed. 



Abundant phenomena of the summit level of the marine flooding 

 were mapped on both sides of the great valley, rising steadily from 

 zero south of New York City to 740 feet at Covey pass. Many of 

 these features were noted by Woodworth. The series of heavy 

 cobble bars at Covey Hill post office, which curves about the Covey 

 salient and back into New York south of Chateaugay village, were 

 found to be inferior by over 200 feet to the summit marine plane. 

 The summit plane of the sea-level waters passed far above the 

 points of supposed glacial lake control, and it became evident that 

 no glacial waters were ever held the whole width of the Hudson- 

 Champlain valle)^ The negative reasons will be stated later. Sev- 

 eral years of further study in New York, Vermont and the Con- 

 necticut valley confirms the above philosophy. The facts are par- 

 tially on record in former papers (nos. 26, 27, 55, 69, 89-93). 



Not until recently have the topographic maps been available for 

 clearly depicting the shore-line features about the Covey promon- 

 tory and in the vSt Lawrence valley, which is the explanation of the 

 late date of this report.^ 



The glacial features in the Hudson-Champlain valley have been 

 described by Processor Woodworth in Bulletin 84 (no. 82 of the 

 appended bibliography) and Bulletin 83, on the Mooers quadrangle 

 (81). Li these writings Professor Woodworth gave emphasis to 

 the glacial features; the stages of the waning glacier and the 

 dwindling ice tongues, the positions and form of the ice margins, 

 the ice contacts, the moraines, the outwash and glacial terraces. 



The intent of the present writing is to draw attention to the 

 proofs of marine submergence and to describe the more striking 

 features, and to aid in the study of the diastrophic problem con- 

 nected with the latest giaciation. 



1 Grateful acknowledgment is made to the Hon. James R. Macf arlane, of 

 Pittsburgh, Pa., for providing transportation in the Malone-Potsdam district. 



