31. COLCETJS COLLAEIS. 



AVES. 17 



Genus COLCEUS. 



Corvus collaris, Drummond, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist, xviii. p. 11 (1846). 



Colmus monedula (nee L.) ; Horsf. & Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E.L Co. ii. p. 562 (1856, pt.) ; Hume & 



Henders. Lahore to Yark. p. 239 (1873) ; Scully, Str. F. iv. p. 158 (1876). 

 Corvus monedula (nee L.) ; Severtz. Turkest, Jevotn.^ p. 63 (1873) ; Dresser, Ibis, 1875, p. 237 • Blanf. 



East. Persia, ii. p. 263 (1876); Bidd. Ibis, 1881, p. 77; C. Swinh. Ibis, 1882, p. Ill ; Homeyer 



& Tancr(^, MT. orn. Ver. Wien, 1883, p. 88; Scully, J. A. S. Beng. Ivi. p. 85 (1887); Gates, 



Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 22 (1889). 

 Colceus collaris, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 27 (1877); id. Trans. Linn. See. (2) Zool. v pt. 3, 



p. 68(1889). ' ^ ^ 



No. 158. Baramula, July 25, 1873. 

 . No. 188. Srinagar, July 28, 1873. 



[These two specimens are in full moult.] 

 Nos. 980-983. Posgam, November 7, 1873.— Length 13 inches, wing 9*1, tail 4*9, 



tarsus 1-7 ; expanse 26-0. Iris blue ; bill and feet black. " Zachea " {Kokand). 

 No. 943. Tarkand, November 8, 1873. 



[The collar is nearly obsolete in this specimen.] 

 Nos. 987, 988. Yarkand, November 9, 1873. 



[These two specimens, as well as No. 983, have a slight indication of a fringe to the 

 feathers of the hind neck, showing a faint approach to (7. dauricus.] 

 Nos. 1353, 1354. Kashghar, February 14, 1874. 



Mr. Gates does not admit that Coloetis collaris is distinct from the ordinary Jackdaw of 

 Europe ((7. monedula). I fancy that the birds which do not show a hoary collar are imma- 

 ture, when, of course, they would be exactly like young C. monedula. At present I look 

 upon the Eastern Jackdaws as forming a well-marked race. 



According to Dr. Scully they are only winter visitors to Kashghar, but they breed in the 

 mountains of Aksu. Colonel Biddulph obtained a specimen at Maralbashi in January 1874, 

 which Mr. Hume states to be absolutely identical with Kashmir individuals. 



Colonel Biddulph's note is :—" Very common in Kashmir. This species, too, we first met 

 in Yarkand at Sanju. It was very common during the winter everywhere in the plains as 

 far as Maralbashi. It did not, however, ascend the hills in the Pamir." 



Dr. Henderson states that the Jackdaw was very common almost everywhere in 

 Kashmir, where it lives in the villages and makes its nest under the eaves of the houses and 

 in old buildings. 



Genus CORONE. 



32. COEONE SHARPII. 



Corvus comix (nee Linn.) ; Horsf. & Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E.I. Co. ii. p. 553 (1856) ; Severtz. Turkest. 

 Jevotn. p. 63 (1873); Dresser, Ibis, 1875, p. 237; Scully, Str. F. iv. p. 156 (1876)- Blanf 

 East. Persia, ii. p. 262 (1876); Bidd. Ibis, 1881, p. 77-, Scully, ibid. p. 570; C. Swinh. Ibis^ 

 1882, p. Ill; Severtz. Ibis, 1883, p. 55; Zarudn. Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, 1885 p 59- Badde' 

 Ornis, iii. p. 473 (1887). ^ ^' ^ 



Corone comix, Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Soc. (2) Zool. v. pt. 3, p. 68 (1889). 



Corvus sharpiij Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 20 (1889). 



No. 950. Sanju, November 1, 1873. [A pure-bred Hooded Crow.] 



D 



