244 THE ZOOLOGIST. 



engineer, assisting him ; yet it was most difficult to make a 

 satisfactory test, and he stated that his was not so thorough as 

 he could have wished. Moreover, he had difficulty in keeping 

 the j&shes alive. Some were procured from Sion Mills, on the 

 Mourne, and he lost many. Those he used, however, were in 

 good condition. 



In considering these experiments it must be borne in mind 

 that the turbine-pit does not appear to have been searched after 

 the machinery was stopped, and no details are given of the 

 stream flowing into the pit in connection with the possibility of 

 escape thereby. 



The following series of experiments was carried out on the 

 15th August, 1900, at the Stormontfield Bleaching and Calen- 

 dering Works of E. W. Mackenzie, Esq., on the Tay, and whose 

 kind permission deserves due acknowledgment. The first tur- 

 bine experimented with was a 24-in. Hercules turbine. The 

 turbine-pit is supplied by a "leat," which is guarded by iron bars 

 two inches apart, and the water falls about 8 ft. into the concrete 

 pit, which is about 8 ft. square and 12 or 13 ft. deep. The 

 revolutions of the turbine are 250 per minute. After rushing 

 through the blades of the fan the water escapes by the tail-race. 

 The latter was carefully guarded by a fine-meshed pollan-net, 

 and further down the stream the fine median gauze of a sand 

 eel-net was stretched across. The stream was easily inspected 

 from the purity of the water, and it was confined to this turbine. 



(I.) At 10.40 a.m. a tank containing fourteen Salmon-Trout 

 and Trout, ranging from ^ lb. to about 3 lb. in weight, was 

 emptied into the turbine-pit. Two of the Salmon-Trout had 

 been injured by the net in capturing them, and floated with 

 their bellies uppermost in a moribund condition in the small 

 tank. In fifteen minutes one of the latter, about 15 in. long and 

 weighing 1 lb. 2 oz., was taken (dead) from the "leat." It had 

 dropped to the bottom of the turbine-pit, and had not sufficient 

 vitality to keep out of the suction-current. Its surface presented 

 only slight abrasions of scales, caused in all probability by the 

 net used in capture, or in handling to replace it in the tank from 

 which it had leapt during the night. So far as could be de- 

 tected there was no injury to bony structure, and no ecchy- 

 mosis was visible. The viscera were healthy, with the exception 



