SALMONOIDS AND TURBINES. 245 



of the posterior third of the liver touching the left abdominal 

 wall. Such may have been due either to pressure in handling 

 or to the turbine. The brain, heart, and ovaries were normal. 

 On dissecting the muscles from the vertebral column an ecchy- 

 mosed region was found along the tips of the neural spines in 

 front of the first dorsal fin, and another smaller area over the 

 neural spines in front of the tail. It is not certain, however, 

 whether these injuries were due to the turbine or the ring of the 

 net in capture. 



In two or three minutes the second and smaller Trout (of the 

 two already alluded to) came down the tail-race, apparently life- 

 less, though when taken out the mandible moved once or twice. 

 Its surface showed similar slight abrasions, but no lesion to 

 osseous structures could be discovered. The posterior third of the 

 liver was ecchymosed, but no rupture was visible. All the other 

 organs were normal, the ova in the ovaries being somewhat less 

 than in the previous example. Further minute examination 

 disclosed a slight ecchymosis in the tissues over the neural 

 spines in front of the tail. 



An efficient watch and a diligent search of the tail-race and 

 nets proved that none of the other Trout had passed through 

 and entered the tail-race. A pole was also used in the turbine- 

 pit to drive them towards the suction area, but without effect. 

 They resisted the currents and avoided the pole. The men, 

 indeed, asserted that they occasionally find Trout in the turbine- 

 pit, and they considered that some of these remained therein 

 for a long time. 



(II.) At 11.42 a.m. fifty vigorous yearling Lochleven Trout 

 were put in the same turbine-pit where the rest of the larger 

 Trout still remained, and the turbine went steadily on, the flow 

 of water being equable. In thirteen minutes two of these Trout 

 appeared in the tail-race, and at intervals one or two darted 

 down stream. All were in full vigour and capable of taking care 

 of themselves. So few appeared that the pole was several times 

 put in operation in the turbine-pit. In thirty-five minutes 

 about eight had passed down stream, and two were under the 

 stone arch. Subsequently one would dart downward so quickly 

 that even in the pure water it was difficult to see it. After a 

 further period of half an hour the water was turned off the 



