SALMONOIDS AND TURBINES. 247 



it according to the flow of water. Unfortunately only a few 

 Trout were now available, and all had been used in the previous 

 experiments, and some of those removed from the debris at the 

 bottom of the turbine-pit had been injured. At 3.20 p.m. four 

 Sea- Trout, over 2 lb. in weight, and seven of the smaller Loch- 

 leven Trout were placed in the rushing current of the breast- 

 wheel, close to the " buckets." One or two were sickly, and one 

 appeared to be dead. In a few minutes the dead Trout came 

 into the swift tail-race. No trace of the others appeared. If 

 the others had been killed, their bodies would in all probability 

 have been discovered in the tail-race. So far as could be observed 

 all the living had escaped serious injury. It was stated that 

 occasionally Trout are crushed between the wall and the edge 

 of the wheel, but in this case they were in the middle of the 

 current. 



The next experiments were carried out at the Maine Works, 

 Cullybackey, Ireland, September 2oth, 1900, in the presence of 

 Mr. Hely Hutchinson, the Secretary of the Commission, Mr. 

 McDermott, Mr. King, and various fishery officers. The head- 

 race here is a capacious one, and the water passes through 

 sluices on the right bank, then through a grating of vertical 

 iron bars from f in. to 1^ in. apart, according to curvature, and 

 with their convex edges to the stream, and then falls into a 

 turbine-pit, 19 ft. deep by 12 ft. broad, close to the wall of the mill, 

 and, indeed, proceeding under the building for some distance before 

 reaching the Hercules turbine, which makes one hundred and 

 thirty-seven revolutions per minute. As the Trout had previously 

 resisted the suction of the turbines, and apparently only were 

 drawn in voluntarily or when dead or enfeebled, a tube of wood 

 22 ft. long by 9 in. square had been prepared, with a forward 

 bend, at the bottom, so as to convey the fishes as near the turbine 

 as possible, and thus compel them to pass through it. 



(IV.) About forty mixed Trout, from 4 in. to 6 in. in length, 

 and consisting of Lochleven, Eainbow, Brook, and Common 

 Trout, were placed in the wooden tube at 1.30 p.m., and shortly 

 after a pailful of earth was sent after them. Further, a chimney- 

 sweeper's brush (unguarded) was passed down the tube, which 

 had its bent extremity in close proximity to the turbine, so as to 

 send them out. In five minutes a Trout struck the net placed 



