﻿HERBERT 
  SPENCER. 
  5 
  

  

  survives," 
  the 
  term 
  merely 
  amounts 
  to 
  the 
  indisputable 
  truism 
  of 
  

   "the 
  survival 
  of 
  the 
  one 
  that 
  survives." 
  

  

  No 
  controversy 
  ever 
  took 
  place 
  between 
  Spencer 
  and 
  Darwin, 
  

   each 
  invariably 
  preserving 
  a 
  courteous 
  demeanour 
  to 
  the 
  other. 
  

   Spencer, 
  indeed, 
  was 
  by 
  many 
  supposed 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  mere 
  plagiarist 
  

   from 
  Darwin, 
  and 
  the 
  misrepresentations 
  that 
  became 
  current 
  

   gave 
  Spencer 
  much 
  annoyance. 
  He, 
  however, 
  contented 
  himself 
  

   with 
  the 
  lucid 
  and 
  dignified 
  vindication 
  contained 
  in 
  the 
  preface 
  

   to 
  the 
  fourth 
  edition 
  of 
  ' 
  First 
  Principles,' 
  dated 
  May, 
  1880, 
  as 
  

   regards 
  which 
  we 
  need 
  only 
  say 
  that 
  it 
  sets 
  forth 
  the 
  facts 
  we 
  

   have 
  already 
  presented 
  to 
  the 
  reader, 
  having 
  drawn 
  them 
  from 
  a 
  

   survey 
  of 
  the 
  documents 
  themselves. 
  

  

  We 
  have 
  already 
  indicated 
  that 
  there 
  existed, 
  from 
  their 
  first 
  

   inceptions, 
  serious 
  divergencies 
  between 
  the 
  views 
  of 
  Darwin 
  and 
  

   Spencer. 
  After 
  Darwin's 
  death 
  these 
  discrepancies 
  were 
  rapidly 
  

   brought 
  into 
  prominence 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  the 
  writings 
  of 
  Professor 
  

   Auguste 
  Weismann, 
  of 
  Breslau, 
  and 
  thus 
  were 
  established 
  the 
  

   two 
  schools 
  of 
  thought 
  that 
  have 
  since 
  been 
  known 
  as 
  " 
  Neo- 
  

   darwinian" 
  and 
  " 
  Neolamarckian," 
  Weismann 
  being 
  the 
  ex- 
  

   ponent 
  of 
  Neodarwinism, 
  and 
  Spencer 
  the 
  champion 
  of 
  Neo- 
  

   lamarckism. 
  

  

  Weismann 
  is 
  a 
  man 
  of 
  great 
  learning 
  in 
  Zoology, 
  a 
  most 
  

   wonderful 
  observer, 
  with 
  a 
  great 
  power 
  of 
  exposition. 
  When, 
  

   therefore, 
  about 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  the 
  death 
  of 
  Darwin, 
  he 
  came 
  before 
  

   the 
  public 
  with 
  a 
  demonstration 
  of 
  the 
  insufficiency 
  of 
  the 
  

   evidence 
  in 
  favour 
  of 
  the 
  transmission 
  of 
  " 
  acquired 
  characters," 
  

   this 
  caused 
  some 
  serious 
  anxiety 
  to 
  Spencer 
  ; 
  and 
  when 
  it 
  was 
  

   followed 
  by 
  other 
  essays, 
  extending 
  the 
  influence 
  of 
  "Natural 
  

   Selection" 
  to 
  fields 
  in 
  which 
  it 
  had 
  not 
  been 
  recognized 
  by 
  

   Darwin 
  as 
  operative, 
  Spencer 
  was 
  thoroughly 
  roused, 
  and 
  op- 
  

   posed 
  Weismann 
  in 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  articles 
  that 
  were 
  written 
  when 
  

   he 
  was 
  seventy-three 
  or 
  more 
  years 
  of 
  age. 
  One 
  of 
  his 
  articles 
  

   was 
  entitled 
  "The 
  Inadequacy 
  of 
  Natural 
  Selection," 
  and 
  it 
  was 
  

   followed 
  by 
  one 
  from 
  Weismann, 
  styled 
  " 
  The 
  All- 
  sufficiency 
  of 
  

   Natural 
  Selection." 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  not 
  possible 
  for 
  us 
  to 
  summarize 
  this 
  controversy 
  so 
  

   far 
  as 
  the 
  statement 
  of 
  Weismann's 
  views 
  is 
  concerned.* 
  It 
  is 
  

  

  * 
  Those 
  who 
  may 
  be 
  desirous 
  of 
  following 
  a 
  critical 
  summary 
  of 
  Weis- 
  

   mann's 
  views 
  will 
  find 
  it 
  in 
  Delage's 
  ' 
  'Heredite,' 
  2nd 
  edit. 
  Paris, 
  1903. 
  

  

  