﻿120 
  THE 
  ZOOLOGIST. 
  

  

  NOTICES 
  OF 
  NEW 
  BOOKS. 
  

  

  The 
  Direction 
  of 
  Hair 
  in 
  Animals 
  and 
  Man. 
  By 
  Walter 
  Kidd, 
  

   M.D., 
  F.Z.S. 
  Adam 
  & 
  Charles 
  Black. 
  

  

  This 
  book 
  constitutes 
  a 
  renewed 
  assertion, 
  with 
  fuller 
  argu- 
  

   ment, 
  and 
  the 
  addition 
  of 
  new 
  facts, 
  to 
  the 
  views 
  of 
  the 
  author 
  

   originally 
  promulgated 
  in 
  a 
  volume 
  entitled 
  ' 
  Use-Inheritance,' 
  

   &c. 
  (cf. 
  Zool. 
  1901, 
  p. 
  433). 
  Dr. 
  Kidd 
  is 
  a 
  Darwinian 
  evolutionist, 
  

   but, 
  with 
  many 
  other 
  thinkers, 
  admits 
  a 
  strong 
  Lamarckian 
  

   factor 
  as 
  opposed 
  to 
  the 
  views 
  of 
  the 
  Exclusive 
  Selectionist, 
  the 
  

   Neo-Darwinian, 
  or 
  the 
  pure 
  apostle 
  of 
  Weismannism. 
  He 
  de- 
  

   scribes 
  with 
  minute 
  scrutiny 
  the 
  nature 
  and 
  direction 
  of 
  the 
  hair 
  on 
  

   mammals, 
  including 
  man, 
  regards 
  "use-inheritance" 
  as 
  proved, 
  

   and 
  evidence 
  for 
  the 
  view 
  that 
  acquired 
  characters 
  can 
  be 
  in- 
  

   herited, 
  and 
  is 
  thus 
  outside 
  the 
  circle 
  of 
  the 
  dominant 
  school 
  in 
  

   evolution. 
  Nevertheless, 
  though 
  this 
  book 
  can 
  of 
  course 
  be 
  

   ignored, 
  its 
  arguments 
  cannot 
  be 
  suppressed, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  well 
  to 
  

   protect 
  Darwinism 
  from 
  being 
  first 
  revised 
  by 
  the 
  neologist, 
  and 
  

   then 
  promulgated 
  as 
  an 
  infallible 
  doctrine. 
  

  

  In 
  our 
  notice 
  of 
  the 
  preliminary 
  publication 
  we 
  have 
  referred 
  

   to 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  facts 
  relied 
  on 
  by 
  Dr. 
  Kidd, 
  and 
  which 
  need 
  not 
  

   now 
  be 
  repeated. 
  After 
  seeking 
  for 
  an 
  explanation 
  of 
  the 
  phe- 
  

   nomena 
  by 
  the 
  arguments 
  of 
  Creation, 
  Selection, 
  or 
  Use 
  and 
  

   Habit, 
  he 
  accepts 
  the 
  last 
  theory, 
  which 
  he 
  states 
  " 
  is 
  equivalent 
  

   to 
  a 
  mechanical 
  view 
  of 
  the 
  production 
  of 
  hair 
  direction, 
  and 
  

   must 
  be 
  resolved 
  into 
  certain 
  component 
  parts 
  and 
  diverse 
  forces. 
  

   These 
  are 
  Pressure, 
  Gravity, 
  and 
  Underlying 
  Divergent 
  Mus- 
  

   cular 
  Traction." 
  We 
  may 
  subsequently 
  gauge 
  the 
  trend 
  of 
  his 
  

   opinion 
  when 
  discussing 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  the 
  hairs 
  on 
  the 
  Orang. 
  

   On 
  the 
  arm 
  and 
  forearm 
  of 
  this 
  animal 
  the 
  long 
  reddish 
  hair 
  

   slopes 
  towards 
  and 
  beyond 
  the 
  point 
  of 
  the 
  elbow, 
  where 
  it 
  shows 
  

   longer 
  hair 
  in 
  this 
  part 
  than 
  any 
  other 
  Anthropoid 
  Ape, 
  and 
  

   this, 
  it 
  has 
  been 
  suggested, 
  provides 
  a 
  thatch 
  for 
  running 
  off 
  the 
  

   rain. 
  Our 
  author 
  here 
  remarks 
  : 
  " 
  The 
  selectionist 
  would 
  say 
  it 
  

   is 
  produced 
  for 
  the 
  rain 
  to 
  flow 
  over 
  easily. 
  I 
  would 
  suggest 
  

   that 
  it 
  is 
  produced 
  by 
  the 
  rain 
  flowing 
  over 
  it"; 
  and 
  here 
  the 
  

   Neo-Darwinian 
  will 
  at 
  once 
  scent 
  the 
  noxious 
  heresy 
  of 
  La- 
  

   marckism. 
  

  

  As 
  clearness 
  of 
  expression 
  is 
  so 
  absolutely 
  required 
  in 
  this 
  

   discussion 
  — 
  and 
  Dr. 
  Kidd, 
  in 
  reference 
  to 
  man, 
  is 
  not 
  afraid 
  to 
  

   write 
  of 
  his 
  "hairy, 
  arboreal, 
  ape-like 
  ancestors" 
  — 
  we 
  would 
  

   suggest 
  that 
  the 
  words 
  in 
  his 
  title 
  " 
  Animals 
  and 
  Man 
  " 
  might 
  

   have 
  been 
  better 
  expressed 
  as 
  " 
  Man 
  and 
  other 
  Animals." 
  

  

  