3 feet, 



8 



a 



1 



if 



25 



a 



354 Geology of Long Island. 



Drift, 



Fine yellow sand, - - - 

 Micaceous clay, 

 Micaceous sand, 



Total, - . - 37 feet. 



The micaceous sand occurs at the foot of the bluffs along the 

 shore in this vicinity. It may also be seen half a mile west of 

 Orient, in a bank by the road-side. 



On Gardiner's Island a very complete section is exposed on the 

 southeast shore, which exhibits the strata to the depth of about 

 250 feet (see figs. 4 & 5). Here stratified sands and clays of vari- 

 ous kinds and colors are raised up in two parallel anticlinal folds. 

 In the southerly fold, the stratum is a light red, fine, plastic clay, 

 very similar to that at Grossman's in Huntington ; it is here ex- 

 posed to a depth of about 100 feet and is upheaved at a high 

 angle, its outer slopes dipping about 45°, while along the axis of 

 the fold the laminae are vertical. The northern anticlinal has 

 about 15° dip on either side, and in its north slope is a stratum 

 of yellowish clayey sand containing a bed of post-pliocene shells, 

 at an average hight of 15 feet above the sea. The formation 

 which is here brought to view probably underlies the whole of 

 the island, as it is exposed at various other points. On the north 

 and southeast shores the beds are very much disturbed and 

 folded, and the surface of the island is raised in a series of par- 

 allel ridges corresponding in position to the folds and having a 

 general trend of N. 65° E. The highest point on the island is 

 128 feet above the sea • the bluffs along the shore being from 25 

 to 70 feet high. The fossiliferous stratum is about 20 feet long 

 and 4 feet thick, containing an abundance of shells, most of 

 which appear to have been crushed by superincumbent pressure. 

 The locality was visited in 1863 by Prof. Sanderson Smith, who 

 describes the bed as 150 to 200 feet long. Prof. Smith has iden- 

 tified the following species* all of which are recent : Nassa 

 trivittata, N. vibex, Fusus decemcostatus, Purpura lapillus, 

 Columbella lunata, ^JYatica duplicata, N. lieros, Chemnitzia 



* Annals N. Y. Lyceum of Nat. Hist., Vol. VIII, 1865. 

 f Species also collected by the writer. 



