100 JOCHELSON 



logical peculiarities of the Tundra dialect are rather insignificant, 

 but that it has absorbed a considerable quantity of Tungus stems, 

 which in their further development have been, however, sub- 

 jected to the laws of the Yukaghir grammar. 



PHONOLOGY. 



Following is a description of the phonetic elements of the 

 Yukaghir language. 



a, e, /, <9, //, have their continental sounds (short). 



^, ^, 2, o^ ??, are long vowels. 



To avoid the introduction of unnecessary marks, I do not 

 annotate here the obscure vowels separately. It may be said 

 only, that all short vowels are obscure when preceding a spi- 

 rant or ;/, or following a spirant. 



The series of diphthongs is as follows : 



ai, ei, oi, id 

 ie^ iu, no, co 

 ally en, 021 



Their pronunciation is as in German. 



Triphthongs are not frequent. 



y as in year. 



/ as in German. 



/ as in English all. 



/' has a spirant added. 



r as in French. 



in as in English. 



n as in English. 



n is pronounced on the end of the word as ng in being, and 

 in the middle, as ng in the German word Enge. 



nr palatized m (similar to my). 



11' palatized n (similar to n)i). 



b and/ are pronounced with aspiration, owing to which these 

 consonants are intermediate between b and v, and / and f. 

 There is no ^ or / in the Yukaghir language. The Tundra 

 dialect, however, has a sound that corresponds to the English 

 w. When placed between two vowels, b approaches very nearly 

 the sound of v. 



