ANTHROPOLOGY OF EASTERN EUROPEAN JEWS 163 



tall stature, the Jews are also taller than in Lithuania. That 

 the stature of the Jews depends on the stature of the Gentiles 

 of the country they inhabit has also been shown by Snigirew, 

 who compiled the recruiting statistics of Russia for 1875. In 

 Poland where the Poles are short of stature (162.7 cm.) the 

 Jews measure only 161. 3 cm. (4,470 observations); in Lithu- 

 ania the general population averages 163.9 cm. and the Jews 

 161. 2 (2,122 observations). In the Baltic provinces where the 

 Gentiles are much taller the Jews are also taller, measuring 

 163. 1 cm. on the average, and in Little Russia where the 

 natives are about 167 cm. in height the Jews are 164.2 cm.^ 

 And in Odessa they are even taller, 166.5 cm.^ In Western 

 Europe the same has been observed. In Bavaria the a\'er- 

 age stature of the Jews is 162.0 cm.'^ while in Baden, where 

 the general population is taller, the Jews measure 164.3 ^^-^ ^^"^^ 

 in Turin, Italy, the Jews also measure 163.3 ^"^- o^ ^^e average.^ 

 The head-form of the Jews has confirmed this fact in a more 

 striking manner. It is observed that the cephalic index cor- 

 responds to that of the races among which they live. In Cau- 

 casia, where many of the natives are hyperbrachycephalic, the 

 Jews are also extremely round-headed, and in Eastern Europe 

 where most of the native races are mesocephalic, the Jews are 

 the same, and in north Africa, where dolichocephaly is prevalent 

 we find the Jews with the same head-form. This is best shown 

 in the accompanying table (II) from which the following striking 

 fact is to be noted : The Poles in Galicia are brachycephalic, 

 cephalic index 84.4, and the Jews here have an average index 

 of 83.6 ; in Poland the Poles have an average index of only 

 80.85, ^^^^ the Jews also only 81.89. 



1 Snigirew, '* Materiali dlia medizinskoi statistiki i geografii Rossii," Voetmo- 

 medizinski zhur7ial, 1878, 1879, 



2 1. I. Pantukhof, " O virozhdayushchikhsia tipakh semitow," Proc. Russian 

 Anth7'opoI. Soc. at St. Peterslmrg, 1 889. 



3 J. Ranke, " Zur Statistik und Physiologic der Korpergrosse der bayerischen 

 Militarpflichtigen, etc.," Bcitriige zur Anth'opologie und tirgeschichte Bay ems, 

 IV, 1881, pp. 8-35. 



*Otto Ammon, ''Zur Anthropologic der Badener, " Jena, 1899, p. 646. 

 5 C. Lombroso, " L'antisemitismo e le scienze moderne," Torino, 1894, ap- 

 pendix. 



