186 FISHBERG 



For comparison of the Jews with the indigenous population 

 of the countries in which they lived for centuries it has been 

 deemed advisable to combine the figures obtained by measure- 

 ment of the Jews in New York with those found in the anthro- 

 pological literature of the Jews in eastern Europe. A fairly 

 large number of observations are thus obtained, which may be 

 expected to give more or less definite results. We have thus 

 tabulated 1,141 GaHcian Jews (305 in New York and 836 in 

 Galicia by Kopernicki) ; 515 Polish Jews (315 in New York 

 and 200 in Poland by Elkind) ; 414 Lithuanian and White-Rus- 

 sian Jews (275 in New York and 139 in White- Russia by Yak- 

 owenko) ; 657 Little-Russian Jews (219 in New York and 438 

 in Little- Russia by Talko-Hryncewicz). These figures are 

 placed in parallel columns with Galician Poles and Ruthenians 

 (Majer and Kopernicki), Poles (Elkind), Letto-Lithuanians and 

 White-Russians (Talko-Hryncewicz, and Little-Russians (Ivan- 

 owski), and Roumanians (Pittard).^ 



An analysis of the figures in this table confirms in a striking 

 manner the similarity of the stature of the Jews to that of their 

 non-Jewish neighbors. To begin with the average stature : In 

 Galicia it is equal to that of the Poles of that country, and less 

 than that of the Ruthenians who are known to be tall. In Po- 

 land the Jews are slightly taller, and here the Poles are also 

 taller than those of Galicia. In White-Russia and Lithuania 

 the Jews are taller than those in the above-mentioned countries, 

 and here we find that the indigenous population is also taller 

 than the Poles ; while in Little-Russia, where the people are 

 distinguished by their superior height (being among the tallest 

 of races of European Russia) the Jews are also tall. Weissen- 

 berg found them here to measure 164.8 cm. in height, and Pan- 



^ Majer and Kopernicki, loc, cit.; A. D. Elkind, "The Poles of the District of 

 \^\s>\^,^^ Public. Soc. of Friends of N^atural Science Anthropol. and Ethnography, 

 Vol. XC, Moscow, 1897; J. Talko-Hryncewicz, " Charakterystyka fizyczna ludu 

 ukrainskiego," Zbior Widoni. do. Antrop. krj., Vol. XIV; idem., " Charaktery- 

 styka fizyczna ludow Litwi i Rusi," ibid. Vol. XVIII; A. A. Ivanowski, "On 

 the Anthropological Composition of the Races in Russia," Public. Society of Friends, 

 etc.. Vol., CV., Moscow 1904 (in Russian) ; Eugene Pittard, "Anthropologic de 

 la Roumaina," L' anthropologic, XIV, No. I, 1933, pp. 33-58. 



