OCCLUSION OF IGNEOUS ROCK 441 



For the peak near Baltimore, Maryland, the name of the 

 village which stands near the center of the eruptive tract may- 

 be used as Mount PowJiatan. 



The summit which rose over the site of Philadelphia, Penn- 

 sylvania, may be distinguished, after the old name of the Pas- 

 sagonke Indians, as Mount Kiicquendku} 



The old volcano whose agency, according to Williams, is 

 indicated by the eruptive rocks of the Cortlandt series near 

 Peekskill and Stony Point, on opposite sides of the Hudson 

 River, may be referred to, after the name applied to that locality 

 by the Mohegan Indians, as Mount Sachoesr 



To the northeast, for the center of volcanic activity at the 

 Boston basin, we may resort to the old Indian name, in the 

 form of Monnt SJiainnct^ A variation of this name, Shawmut, 

 has been already applied to one group of eruptives in vicinity 

 of the same city/ 



Still further to the north, but inland, at the head of tidewater 

 on the river St. Lawrence, the volcanic intrusions on the site of 

 Montreal indicate an eruptive center at another peak, which 

 may be designated, after the Algonquin name of the Indian 

 village at that place, as Mount Hochelaga!" 



The explanation of this interesting relationship, the location 

 of many of the most important cities of our eastern seaboard 

 almost in a straight line over the ruins of these ancient vol- 

 canoes, rests primarily upon local hardening effected in the 

 prevalent folded gneisses, seamed and saturated by tough igne- 

 ous rocks, particularly those of acid constitution ; secondarily, 

 upon variation in resistance, afforded by difference in structure 



' Signifying "the grove of tlie long pine trees," according to Heckewelder, S. 

 G. Drake, Book of the Indians of North America, Book II, Boston, 1834, 17. 

 For this and some of the other local names I am indebted to a painstaking search 

 by Principal John W. Davis, Bedford Park, Bronx, New York City, Recording 

 Secretary of the New York Society of Pedagogy. 



2R. Bolton, Hist, of Westchester Co., I, New York, 1884, 112. 



3 J. Quincy, A Municipal History of the Town and City of Boston during Two 

 Centuries, 1630-1830; E. M. Bacon, Boston, a Guide Book. 



♦W. O. Crosby, Tech. Quart. Boston, xii, 1899, 13, 163. 



5 Hochelaga Depicta ; the early history and present state of the City and Island 

 of Montreal. N. Bosworth, Montreal, 1839, ^9' 3°- 



