1848.] MURCHISON ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE ALPS. 201 



conglomerate (1), which is in parts a purple and green spotted glossy 

 schist, in parts a millstone grit, passing into a conglomerate with 

 pebbles of white quartz in a talcose base, dips to the north and passes 

 under the limestones which form the great escarpment of the chain 

 called " Kurfiirsten." In that escarpment the Lower Jura and Ox- 

 fordian formations (2, 3, 4) are surmounted by the three members 

 before cited of the cretaceous system, viz. neocomian with its two 

 di^dsions (a and b), gault or upper greensand (c) and inoceramus 

 limestone (sewer-kalk) (d). The same overlying succession is seen 

 on the northern shore of the lake of Wallenstadt, the mountains in 

 which are a western prolongation of the Kurfiirsten. Above all this 

 and to the north is the upland depression or trough of Wildhaus, in 

 which the inoceramus limestone (d) is covered by nummulite lime- 

 stone and flysch {/ and (/) . The latter deposits rise up to the north 

 of Wildhaus in a basin-shape with a reversed or southern dip, and 

 then equally repose on inoceramus limestone, which is succeeded by 

 the gault and neocomian limestone (« and b), the latter culminating 

 in the chief summits of the Hoher Sentis. That mountain group, 

 the highest points of which are near 8000 English feet above the sea, 

 and which forms by far the most remarkable promontory along the 

 whole outer zone of the iVlps, is highly instructive in the full deve- 

 lopment of all the cretaceous rocks from the lower neocomian to the 

 inoceramus limestone, as seen in the Alte Mann as well as in the other 

 chief summits. 



I shall hereafter advert to its escarpments when speaking of the 

 great flexures and fractures of the chain, where the tertiar}^ nagelflue 

 is apparently brought under the masses of secondary limestone. I 

 will now briefly state, that on the north flank of the Kamor, a north- 

 eastern promontory of this group, and again on the Fahnern moun- 

 tain beyond it, there are natural sections which exhibit the supracre- 

 taceous succession (see fig. 1 5) . The last boss of the sewer-kalk of the 



Fig. 15. 



N.W. Fahnern. S.E. 



Eggerstand. 



d e f g f g f g 



g. Flysch, with fucoids. 

 /> /) /• Nummulite limestone. 



e. Transition bed with Grryphcea vesicularis. 

 d. Inoceramus limestone. 



Hoher Sentis, prolonged in a low ridge to the N.E. of Weissbad, 

 constitutes a scarp immediately overhanging the little hamlet of Eg- 

 gerstand, where, in the form of thin-bedded white scaglia, it plunges 

 rapidly to the S.E., and is immediately covered by slightly micaceous 

 shale and bluish grey impure limestone with white veins. This rock, 

 which already resembles a variety of "flysch," passes up into a sort 

 of sandy marlstone with some green grains associated with a dark in- 

 digo-coloured schist, in which occurs the same species of Gryphsea, G. 

 vesicularis, to which I shall subsequently call attention in describing 

 the sections at Sonthofen in Bavaria, where it occupies a like place. 



