366 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [April 4, 



4. Serpentine or Ophiolitic rocks. — This is generally an irregular 

 mass of crystallized matter, closely resembling the Verde di Prato 

 found in the neighbourhood of Florence. Its chief locality is in a 

 deep ravine between Alajah and Yeuzgatt ; I also observed it in the 

 valley of the Sepetli between Ladik and Sonnisa. 



5. Trachyte and tr achy tic conglomerate. — This rock, varying much 

 in colour and in degrees of asperity as also in its structure, being 

 occasionally compact and hard, sometimes exfoliating, and at others 

 breaking into rhomboidal and wedge-shaped masses, is of very con- 

 stant occurrence throughout Asia Minor. Some of the varieties 

 abound with masses and crystals of glassy felspar. The following are 

 the principal localities where I observed it : — the neighbourhood of 

 Vizier Keupri ; the plain of Tashova between Sonnisa and the junc- 

 tion of the Lycus and the Iris ; the isolated peak of Karahissar near 

 Tchorum ; the castle hill of Kalaijik ; the neighbourhood of Angora, 

 and the hill of Assarli Kaiya twenty miles south of Angora. 



6. Domite. — The only locality where I observed this rock was in 

 the deep gorge of Barsek Dere ; it may indeed be doubted whether it 

 should not rather be described as a white variety of trachyte. 



7. Basalt. — This occurs in the valley of the Lycus between Niksar 

 and Tashova ; at Baluk-kouyoumji and in the vicinity of Yeuzgatt. 



8. Amygdaloid. — The only place where this rock occurs in this 

 district is in the north part of the Haimaneh, between Angora and 

 Baluk-kouyoumji. 



9. Trap dykes are seen in the vicinity of Barsek Dere, and between 

 it and the Halys, rising above the surface and crossing each other in 

 every direction. 



10. Volcanic tuff and peperite are seen in the hills west of Amasia 

 associated with trappean rocks. 



Stratified Rocks. 



The stratified rocks of this district are generally so deficient in 

 fossils, that it is at present almost premature to attempt any complete 

 or even general classification of them. I shall, however, here bring 

 together the diiferent observations I have made, tvhich will I trust 

 tend in some degree at least to give an idea of the general character- 

 istics of this country. I did not observe in this part of Asia Minor 

 any formations which could with certainty be referred to an older 

 epoch than the secondary ; I therefore propose, for the present, to 

 adopt the usual subdivision of secondary and tertiary formations. 



1. Secondary Rocks. 



In considering the secondary rocks of this region I have been in- 

 duced to divide them into two formations, chiefly if not entirely from 

 their lithological appearances, and also from having, on several occa- 

 sions, found those beds which I refer to the more recent formation 

 overlying the others, sometimes indeed dipping in the same direction 

 and at nearly the same angle, but leaving no doubt of their belonging 

 to a later period, and tluis constituting perhaps the diiferent ele- 

 ments of different ages. I was nowhere fortunate enough to meet 



