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PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [April 4, 



About a mile to the west of Ladik is a low ridge of grauwacke- 

 looking sandstone dipping S.S.W. Immediately behind, i. e. to the 

 south of, Ladik, is a range of limestone hills, an outUer apparently 

 of the lofty chain of Ak Dagh which forms the watershed between 



Fig. 2. 



Section of Castle Hill, Boiavad. 



-A 



1 . Igneous rock. 



2. Igneous rock, very fissile. 



3. Schistose beds contorted. 



4, Pink-coloured scaglia, without traces of stratification. 



Ladik and Amasia ; the dip of these beds is nearly vertical, and towards 

 the S.E. ; the general strike of the hills is from E.N.E. to W.S.W. 

 The limestone is a hard, semicrystalline black and white marble, and 

 below it is a thick formation of irregularly bedded grauwacke sand- 

 stone, very hard, breaking into rhomboidal masses, and containing 

 in some places veins of calcareous matter, but no organic remains. 

 Further eastward the grauwacke sandstone is seen dipping 70° S.S.W. 



Proceeding eastward towards Niksar, a spur of this same formation 

 stretches across in a N.E. and S.W. direction between the plains of 

 Tashova and Niksar, connecting the mountain-chain of Ophlimus on 

 the south with that of Paryadres on the north. 



Between Niksar and Tocat, passing from the valley of the Lycus 

 to that of the Iris, thin-bedded argillaceous schists occasionally 

 occur, dipping S. 70° ; and on reaching the valley of the Iris and ap- 

 proaching Tocat, a fine crystalline grey marble is associated with these 

 same schists. 



The lofty mountains which surround the town of Tocat are of the 

 same highly crystalline character, a true marble traversed by red veins, 

 and associated with beds of schists, some of which are extremely hard 

 and slaty, breaking oif in large slabs and used as gravestones by the 

 Turks. In the marble beds no signs of stratification are visible, but 

 the schistose rocks show a considerable dip to the S.W. 



The same formation occurs between Kalaijik and Angora, and also 

 to the eastward of Angora near the commencement of the igneous or 

 trappean district. These schistose beds evidently belong to the oldest 

 formations of the district, inasmuch as they appear to have been 

 disturbed previous to the deposition of the red sandstone. 



Immediately to the eastward of the granitic outburst of Sevrihissar 

 is a very remarkable ridge of hills extending almost from north to 

 south, and terminating at its southern extremity in Mount Dindymus, 



