Class IV. TURBOT FLOUNDER. 319 



five-men boats always take some nets for that 

 end. Next to herrings are the lesser lam- 

 preys,* which come all winter by land-carriage 

 from Tadcaster. The next baits in esteem are 

 small hadocks cut in pieces, sand worms, mus- 

 sels, and limpets (called here Fliddcrs ;) and 

 lastly, when none of these can be had they use 

 bullock's liver. The hooks used here are much 

 smaller than those employed at Iceland and 

 Newfoundland. Experience has shewn that 

 the larger fish will take a living small one upon 

 the hook, sooner than any bait that can be put 

 on; therefore they use such as the small fish 

 can swallow. The hooks are two inches and 

 an half long in the shank, near an inch wide 

 between the shank and the point. The line is 

 made of small cording, and is always tanned 

 before it is used. Turbots, and all the rays, 

 are extremely delicate in their choice of baits. 

 If a piece of herring or hadock has been twelve 

 hours out of the sea, and then used as bait, they 

 will not touch it. 



This and the pearl are of a remarkable square Descrip- 

 form ; the color of the upper part of the body is 

 cinereous, marked with numbers of black spots 



* The Dutch also use these fish as baits in the turbot fishery, 

 and purchase annually from the Thames fishermen as much as 

 amounts to 700/. worth, for that purpose. 



