INTRODUCTION 



BOTANY, 



INCLUDING A SKETCH OF THE PHVSIOLOGY, STRUCTURE, FUNCTIONS, 

 AND NATURAL ARRANfiEiMENT OF PLANTS. 



Of the Fructification. 



Without dwelling upon the usual division of Plants into 

 Trees, Shi'ubs, and Herbs, we will, at once, begin with 

 the consideration of the Fructification of Plants. In the 

 FRUCTIFICATION we include the flower and fruit. It 

 consists of seven principal parts : — 



1. Calyx, or Flower-cup. 2. Corolla, or Blossom. 3. 

 Stamens. 4. Pistil. 5. Seed-vessel, or Pericarp. 6, Seeds. 

 7. Receptacle. 



The first four are properly parts of the flower. The fifth, 

 sixth, and seventh, are parts of the fruit. 



I. The CALYX, or Flower-cup, is formed of one or more 

 green or yellow leaves, at a small distance from, or close to 

 the blossom. 



The kinds of Calyx are seven 



1. Perianth, or Flower-cup close to the other parts of the 

 flower, example, the primrose. See Plate, 109. b. 110, a. 



1. It is called the perianth of the flower, when it includes 

 the stamens, and not the germen ', and, 2. the perianth of the 

 fruit, when the germen is included, but not the stamens. 3. 

 It is the perianth of the fructification, if it includes both the 

 germen and the stamens. 



* See these terms explained further on. 



