60 PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Viola. 



eighty gr. emetic, purgative. Syrup of violets, as a test to detect 

 an acid, or alkali, the former changing the blue colour to a red, 

 the latter to a green. Sorbet of the Turks made of the fl. and 

 sugar. (Hasselquist.) Old Gerarde mentions a preparation of 

 violets and sugar, called sugar violet, " most pleasant and 

 wholesome," ' violet cakes ? 



(V. pahistris. Marsh V. Stemless. Leaves kidney- 

 shaped, smooth. Root creeping. Side petals with a 

 hairy central line. E. B. 444. C. fas. 3. 58. 



Mossy bogs. * (In a bog beyond Childswell Farm. Benwell. 



Wootten Heath, near Shadwell Copse. Bx.) Between Oxford 



and Water-Eaton. Plot. 

 Per. April. 

 Scions none. Fl. very pale blue, with purple streaks.) 



V. canina. Dog's V. Stem at length ascending, chan- 

 nelled. Leaves oblong-heart-shaped. Calyx acute. 

 Stipulas saw-toothed. Bracteas awl-shaped, entire. 

 E. B. 620. C. fas. 2. 61. V. canina sylvestris. G. 

 E. 851. 



Groves, thickets, hedges, heathy ground. 



Per. April. 



Stems square, branched. Ls. smooth, somewhat dilated at the top. 

 Fl. stalks axillar}^ solitary, erect. Cor. nodding, scentless, blue, 

 (or white) with purple lines in the mouth. Spur greenish white, 

 abrupt. Bract, two, awl-shaped, near the top of the fl. stalk. 



V. tricolor. Pansy^ V. Hearfs-ease. Stem angular, 

 spreading, divided. Leaves oblong, deeply notched. 

 Stipulas lyrate, wing-cleft. Bracteas obsolete. E. B. 

 1287. C. fas. 1. ^5. G. E. 854. V. tricolor 

 petrcea. G. E. 854. 



Cornfields. 



An. April, May. 



Ls. alternate, stalks long. Fl. stalks, axillary, solitary. Cor. pet. 

 variable in size and colour, mostly longer than the cal. the odd 

 one broadest and yellow : side one pale bluish, two upper 

 reversed, pet. purple, all with black radiating streaks. In Sibth. 

 V. arvensis, a var. of this ; in it, the petals all shorter than the 

 cal. the odd one only yellow, the rest whitish ; or we may say, 

 blossoms white, or yellow white ; small with a few purple 

 streaks. 

 This plant the origin of our Garden Heart's-ease, and its var. or 



as it has been called — " Three Faces under a Hood. Love in 



Idleness, &c." 



' Fr. Pensee, a thought. 



