PENTANDRIA TETRAGYNIA. Parnassia. 87 



E. B. 475. C. 3. 18. Ebulus sive Sambucus humi- 

 lis. G. E. 1426. 



Wante ground, hedges. Parks, behind Wadham College. Near 



Ensham. Sb. . 



Per. July. 

 Stems herbaceous, three feet, erect, leafy. Ls. winged, dark-green. 



Leafl. egg-spear-shaped, acute, saw-toothed. FL stalked. Cor. 



dull blood-red. Stam. white, anth. red. Cal. purple. Berry 



globular, purplish-black. 



Whole plant fetid, strongly purgative. Moles will not ap- 

 proach near where its Is., or those of the Common Elder laid. 

 Root one drachm and a hah", a strong cathartic. Berry to dye 

 blue. Mice avoid the smell of this plant. Our ancestors sup- 

 posed this plant to spring from the blood of their foes, the Danes. 

 Seeds (one scruple) bruised, purgative, once a week, in dropsy. G. 

 E. (" in a little secke.") 



S. nigra. Common E. Cymes with five main branches. 

 Stipulas obsolete. Leaflets egg-shaped. Stem tree- 

 like. E. B. 476. Sambucus. G. E. 1422. 



Hedges, coppices, woods. Var. ^. near Watlington. Bobart. 



Wixford. Purton. 

 Small Tree. June. 

 Branches full of light, white pith. Ls. winged. Leafl. about five, 



pointed, saw-toothed. Fl. cream-coloured, smell faint. Berry 



globular, purplish-black. 



Inner bark strongly purgative ; in smaller doses, diuretic, in 

 dropsy. Berries made into a rob, in sore throat : laxative. 

 Infusion of the Is. sprinkled on the buds of flowers to preserve 

 them from caterpillars. Caterpillar of the delicate Phal. Sambu- 

 caria feeds on its Is. The hemes for wine. Sheep cured of the 

 rot by the bark, and young shoots. (^Var. /3. with white berries, 

 for wine : var. with jagged Is.) 



Striking the boughs over different plants will keep off insects. 

 Decoction of the fi. as a cooling fomentation. The fl. to flavour 

 vinegar : fl. fatal to turkies, and to peacocks. Juice of the berry 

 to colour wines. The pith for balls in electric experiments. When 

 the elder is in flower the summer is estabhshed : when ripe the 

 summer is entirely gone. Seed bruised, one drachm in dropsy. 

 G. E. Inner green bark fi-om half an ounce to one ounce, infused 

 in white wine, moderately cathartic. 



PENTANDRIA TETRAGYNIA. 



PARNA'SSIA. Grass of Parnassus. 

 P. palustris. Common G. of P. Leaves heart-shaped. 



