110 OCTANDRIA MOXOGYXIA. Erica. 



CALLU'NA.' Ling. 



C. vulgaris. Common Ling. Erica vulgaris. E. B. 

 1013. C. 5. 30. G. E. 1380. Sb. 124. 



Dry moors, heaths, open, barren wastes. $. T^ar. leaves densely 



hoary. Enshani Heath. Sh. 

 Shrub. July. 



Anth. bearded, concealed. Style prominent. Cor. deeply cut, 

 shorter than the coloured cal. Stems woody, much branched. 

 Ls. oppositely tiled, forming a four-angled figure. FL rose- 

 coloured, shining, clusters longish. Cal.-ls. inner four large, 

 concave, coloured. 

 Fl. retain their colour when dried. 



Ls. and seeds food for grouse. Woody stems for brooms, and 

 firing. In the Scotch Highlands, walls for cottages, with alternate 

 layers of lieath, and a mortar of black earth and sti*aw ; their 

 beds made of it : a substitute for thatch. In the island of Hay, ale 

 brewed from one part malt, two parts of young heath tops ; hops 

 sometimes added. This liquor much used by the Picts, according 

 to Boethius. Sti*ong decoction of the tops dyes woollen cloth, boiled 

 in alum water, of an orange colour. The stalks and tops to tan 

 leather. The tops to fill up drains covered over. Where bees 

 extract their honey from the flower, the honey reddish. Ropes 

 made of them, strong, and durable : edging to garden-borders 

 instead of box. 



ERI'CA.^ Heath. 



E. Tetralix. Cross-leaved H. Anthers horned. Style 

 nearly concealed. Corolla egg-shaped. Leaves fringed, 

 mostly four in a whorl. Flowers in round tufts. E. 

 B. 1014. C. 1. 21. 



Heathy, boggy ground. Binfield Heath. Sb. 



Shrub. July. 



Stems leafy, branched at the bottom, determinately, or very like it, 

 many branches, springing from one centre. FL like a cluster of 

 berries. Cor. oblong, drooping, wax-like, delicate, from deep 

 rose-colour to almost every shade of carnation : orifice small, 

 four-toothed. Caps, with partitions from the centre of its valves. 

 Ls. bristly, spreading, sometimes five in a whorl. 

 Far. white ^. Sb. 

 Most elegant plant. 



E. cinerea. Fine-leaved H. Anthers crested. Style 

 a little prominent. Stigma growing in a head. Corolla 



1 Gr. kallunn, to adorn, to sweep, to clean, alluding to its cleansing use for 

 brooms, or to the beauty of its /?. Genus differs from Erica in its^. and capsule. 

 • Cape of Good Hope plants. No American Erica known. 



