168 DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA. Stachys. 



powder causes sneezing. Antonius Musa, physician to the Empe- 

 ror Augustus, stated this plant to be a remedy for forty-seven 

 disorders : hence the proverbial compliment : — " You have more 

 virtues than betony." Another Italian proverb is: — "Sell your 

 tunic, and buy betony." 



STA'CHYS. Woundwort. 

 S. sylvdtica. Hedge TV. Six or eight flowers in a 

 whorl. Leaves heart-shaped, stalked. Stem solid. 

 E. B. 416. C. 3. 34. Galeopsis vera. G. E. 704. 



Hedges, shady situations. 



Per. July. 



Stems two or three f., hairy, leafy. Ls. minute, strongly saw- 

 toothed, deep, dull gi'een, soft : upper ones on shorter foot- 

 stalks, gradually smaller, diminishing to spear-shaped, entire 

 bract. Spike erect, terminal. FL, deep, dull blood-colour, 

 marbled about the mouth, with a darker hue, intermixed with 

 white. 

 Smell pungent, fetid : plant dyes yellow. 



S. palustris. Marsh IV, Six to ten flowers in a whorl. 

 Leaves linear-spear-shaped, half embracing the stem, 

 almost stalkless. Root tuberous. E. B. 1675. C. 

 3. 35. Panax coloni. G. E. 1005. 



Wet hedges, fields, hanks of ditches, rivers. 

 Per. July. 



Stems two or three f , straight, rough with bent down bristles. Ls., 

 opposite, saw- toothed, silky above, rather woolly beneath, 

 acute : upper ones heart-shaped at the base. Spike with whorls 

 accompanied by tw^o small Is., under each. Cor., purple, lower 

 lip streaked with w^hite. 



Swine fond of the roots. In times of scarcity, the roots have 

 been made into bread : increases much by root, hurtful in many 

 cornfields. Old Gerarde gives a most solemn account of the sup- 

 posed virtues of this plant in healing wounds. 



S. germanica. Downy TV. Many flowers in a whorl. 

 Leaves notched, closely silky ; woolly beneath. Stem 

 woolly, erect. E. B. 829. S. F. G. E. 695. 



Fields, hedges, road sides, on limestone. * * Near Witney. Sb. and 

 R. W. Stonesfield. On the road side, between Woodstock 

 and Enstone. Sb. Between Blenheim and Ditchley. Wood- 

 ward. Cornfields at Brize-Norton. Rev. Dr. Goodenough. 

 Side of the road leading from Woodstock to Sturges Castle. Bx. 

 Ducklington, Berks. Bicheno in H. Fl. 



Per. July. 



Ls. rather pointed, netted with veins : root-ones on long stalks, the 

 rest smaller, nearly stalkless ; floral -Is, spear-shaped, bent back. 

 Whorls axillary, numerous. Bract., linear. Fl., purple within. 



