TETHEA. 83 



1. T. Cranium, aurface regular and closely villous. 

 Plate I. Fig. 1-8. 



Alcyonium Cranium, 3IulL Zool. Dan. prod. 255. Zool. Dan. tab. 

 Ixxxv. (The description only, for tbe figure, in my copy, repre- 

 sents an Ophiura.) Turt. Gmel. iv. 654. Lamour. Cor. Flex. 347. 

 Corall. 248. 



Alcyonium globosum fibrosum fiavum setosum, Mull. Zool. Dan. 

 tab. clvii. fig. 1 , 2. 



Alcyonium Lyncurium, Esper, Alcyon. tab. xix. i\g. I- Jamexmi in 

 Wern. Mem. i. 56-3. 



Spongia pilosa, Montagu in Wern. Mem. ii. 119, pi. 13, fig. 1, 2. 



Tethya Cranium, Lavi. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 386 -. and ii. 592, 2de 

 edit. Flem. Brit. Anim. 51 9. Blainv. Actinol. 544. Stark, Elem. 

 ii. 423. 



Tethya pilosa, Gray, Brit. PI. i- .'?62. Grant in Edin. New Phil. 

 Journ. i. 196. 



Hab. Island of Fulah, Jameson. Adhei'es to stones in deep 

 water, Zetland, where it is termed Sea- Apple, Fleming. 



Sponge from one to two or three inches in diameter, tu- 

 berous, subglobular, flattened on its base, the surface even but 

 rough or muricate, and hirsute from the projection of the spi- 

 cula, of a uniform yellowish-white colour when preserved in spi- 

 rits. A section discovers in the centre a round solid nucleus of a 

 glistening white colour, composed of bundles of siliceous spicula 

 laid in close parallelism. Bundles of spicula shoot from it to- 

 wards the circumference, passing through a sort of fungous pa- 

 renchyma of a pale yellowish colour, which connects them toge- 

 ther and fills all the space between the nucleus and the skin. 

 The same spicula do not traverse the whole space, but new ones 

 originate in it, where bundles can be seen to terminate, and 

 others to begin. The spicula nearest the sui*face penetrate the 

 skin and shoot beyond it, always in bundles, which issue, as it 

 were, from the papillae, and impart to the sponge its muricated 

 and villous appearance. The skin is about a line in thickness, 

 somewhat cartilaginous, uniform throughout, and of the same 

 white colour as the nucleus. The spicula are asbestine, long, 



