122 ULMUS. 



also recommend it to be largely inserted in hedge-rows 

 upon inferior soils and open districts, either in combina- 

 tion with the ash, or what might succeed better and be 

 equally profitable, with the White tree Willow, Salix alba ; 

 we should thus not only improve the outline of a bleak 

 and desolate-looking tract, but also procure a shelter that 

 would materially tend to the amelioration of the climate. 



The U. suberosa is easily propagated by its suckers, 

 which it throws up in abundance, or even by truncheons 

 which root pretty freely. Like the English Elm, it rarely 

 matures its seed, but it is to its occasionally doing so 

 that the following varieties are traced. 1st. U. sub. alba 

 of Masters, a tree of more compact growth than the 

 common U. suberosa, with pubescent shoots, and the bark 

 much wrinkled and becoming white with age. 2nd. U. 

 sub. foliis variegatis, with variegated or blotched leaves, 

 in other respects similar to U. suberosa. 3rd. U. sub. 

 erecta, a tall tree with a narrow head and corky bark, 

 not unlike the Cornish Elm. The Broad-leaved and Nar- 

 row-leaved Hertfordshire Elms, are also supposed to be 

 varieties of U. suberosa. 



The Ulmus major, or Dutch Cork-barked Elm of Smith's 

 " Eng. Flora," appears to be nearly related to the U. 

 suberosa, but is a finer and more graceful-looking tree, 

 with wide-spreading and drooping branches ; the leaves 

 are also larger and more bluntly serrated than those of 

 U. suberosa, and are of a finer colour, and the bark even 

 more corky than in that tree. In Holland fine specimens 

 are to be seen upon the Boom-Key at Rotterdam, and 

 various other places, and it appears that it was first 

 introduced into this country by William the Third. Its 

 cultivation, however, has long been given up, as it is 

 found to produce timber of very little value, and inferior 



