RECORDS 119 



must guess at his meaning. If he says ' cephaHc-race,' 

 'chromatic-race,' 'glottic-race,' the meaning cannot be mis- 

 taken." 



In reply to a question Professor Giddings said that the clan 

 is developed between K^ and K- and the tribe between K^ and 

 K\ 



The following paper was read by Mr. Stansbury Hager, on 

 the "Wards of Cuzco." The speaker presented a portion of 

 the evidence collected by him which tends to show that the 

 twelve so-called wards of Cuzco, the ancient capital of the Inca 

 Empire, were the terrestial representatives of the signs of the 

 Peruvian zodiac. The evidence bearing on this hypothesis is 

 divided into four main classes. In the first place, the system of 

 * mamas ' under which the Peruvians regarded every material 

 object as merely a product of the real spiritual essence, of which 

 it was the expression, gave rise to an attempt to imitate on earth 

 the features of the world above as observed in the heavens. 

 This system, in turn, resulted in the production of an elaborate 

 ritual, the features of which, each month, corresponded with the 

 supposed attributes of the mama which governed the corre- 

 sponding sign through which the sun was passing during that 

 month. The ideas associated with the 'mamas' are shown to 

 correspond with the names of the Cuzco wards. Again these 

 names correspond verj- definitely with the names of the zodiacal 

 signs upon the native star map of Salcamayhua. And finally 

 the names of one or two of the wards can be identified directly 

 with definitely known native constellations situated in the zodiac. 

 The nature of the evidence thus adduced is such as to indicate 

 that the native Peruvians had made remarkable advance in as- 

 tronomical knowledge in times long anterior to the arrival of the 

 earliest Europeans known to history. 



The annual election of Section officers was held, resulting in 

 the choice of Professor Livingston Farrand as Chairman, and 

 Dr. R. S. Wood worth as Secretary. 



R. S. WOODWORTH, 



Secretary. 



