198 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [MARCH 
detailed study of flowers and other parts was carried on mainly 
with the aid of a binocular dissecting microscope. 
Previous reference to the abnormal behavior of the hemp under 
the imposed abnormal conditions was made by the writer (3) 
as follows: “Not only did typical staminate plants sometimes 
produce bisporangiate flowers with more or less normal gynoecia, 
but some carpellate plants even produced stamens. This in spite 
of the fact that the plants were differentiated in their vegetative 
parts as typically carpellate.’”’ A preliminary notice (5) of the 
complete reversal of sex was published in 1919. In 1916 PRICHARD 
(2) published the results of experiments on hemp, in which changes 
in sexual expression were shown to take place as the result of 
various treatments, such as removal of flowers, etc. 
Record of seed and plantings 
The original seeds were bought from a seed house in Columbus, 
Ohio, their origin being unknown. 
Plot 1, planted January 1917, in botanical greenhouse. 
Numerous sex intergrades and sex reversals were observed. Inter- 
mediate plants and abnormal flowers studied. 
Plot 2, planted in the garden May 1918, with part of the original 
seeds. The plants were apparently all pure carpellate and pure 
staminate. No intermediates of any kind were found. 
Plot 3, planted in the greenhouse on December 23, 1918. Seeds 
from individual plant of plot no. 2. Flowers began to open 
February 1, 1919. There were 73 carpellate and 77 staminate 
plants. Many were intermediate in sexual expression, or later 
reversed their sexual condition. These plants were mainly studied 
for abnormalities in sexual expression in the flowers. 
Plot 4, planted in the greenhouse January 22, 1919. Plants in 
bloom on March 17. Seeds from an individual of plot 2. 
Plot 5, planted in the greenhouse February 1, 1919. Seeds 
from an individual of plot 2. Seeds came up February 6 and 7. 
Plants began to bloom March 5s. 
Plot 6, planted in the garden early in May 1919. Seeds from 
an individual of plot 2. In this plot there were 124 pure carpellate 
and 122 pure staminate plants. There were no intermediates 
and no sex reversals of any kind. 
