206 ; BOTANICAL GAZETTE [MARCH 
5 sepals and 4 stamens, one of the stamens with 2 microsporangia 
and stigma; one flower with a gynoecium with 2 stigmas, and a 
normal stamen connected with the base of the ovulary; one 
flower with 3 sepals, 2 normal stamens, and 2 stamens grown 
together by their filaments, the one with 4 microsporangia and a 
rudimentary ovulary in its side, the other with 2 microsporangia 
and an ovulary with a normal stigma in its side; one staminate 
flower with 2 sepals and 3 normal stamens; one staminate flower 
with 4 sepals and 2 normal stamens. 
Plant no. 5, a staminate plant having besides the usual types of 
staminate flowers: one flower with 3 sepals, 3 stamens, and in the 
center 1 normal carpel with a stigma and 1 rudimentary carpel 
with a stigma; one flower with 6 sepals, 4 normal stamens, I 
rudimentary stamen, and a central gynoecium with 3 stigmas; 
one flower with 5 sepals, 3 normal stamens, and a central structure 
staminate on one side with 4 microsporangia, and carpellate on — 
the other side with a typical stigma; one flower with 5 sepals and 
5 stamens, one of the stamens with a stigma; one flower with 5 
sepals, 2 normal stamens, a rudimentary structure of indefinite 
nature, and a gynoecium with 1 normal stigma and 1 rudimentary 
stigma. 
Such is the usual character of the plants with reversed and 
confused sexuality, They can be obtained in great numbers in 
the winter and are very convenient for study. There is also much 
diversity in the time and degree of reversal of the sexual state 
in the long-lived carpellate individuals. Two individual records 
follow: 
Plant no. 1 was a decidedly carpellate plant which produced 
eight seeds and was strong and vigorous. It sprouted at the lower 
nodes of the inflorescence and produced abundant carpellate 
flowers on these branches also, while the top of the main stem 
was dying off. This plant was at first taken to be a pure carpellate 
individual, but later two flowers developed on a branch, each 
with a fully developed stamen. 
Plant no. 2 was a carpellate plant which produced seed and later 
developed a lateral branch with typical carpellate flowers, and 
at the same time continued to grow at the tip of the main axis on 
