394 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [May 
species. In most saprophytic and parasitic dicotyledonous plants 
the first division of the endosperm nucleus is accompanied by the 
formation of a wall which divides the sac into two chambers; 
but this is not true in Cuscuta Gronovii. The endosperm at all 
times is rather scanty, and this is especially true in the mature 
seed. The cells of the endosperm are elongated, with more or 
less elliptical nuclei, and are most frequently seen clustered around 
the embryo, rather than lining the sac as in Piper medium, Poto- 
mageton sp., etc. (figs. 18, 19). 
The youngest embryo observed in Cuscuta was a 2-celled stage 
(fig. 5). It was spherical, and the basal cell was larger than the 
apical cell, both cells showing large, well defined nuclei. The 
two cells were evidently formed by transverse division of the ferti- 
lized egg. The later stages (figs. 5-7) appear to be the result 
of division in a number of planes and in no fixed order, resulting in 
embryos of irregular forms. The most usual form is an elongated 
type with a swollen base (fig. 8), having a suspensor of one cell, 
or no suspensor. There is a spherical type (figs. 9, 10) which is 
much less common. In later stages of development both spherical 
and elongated forms are found, in some cases with a 2-cell 
suspensor (figs. 11,12); but more often with none. In neither 
spherical nor elongated forms is there any differentiation into 
dermatogen, nor later is there any indication of plerome or periblem. 
In some of the embryos where the shape is rather urnlike, the 
swollen base is formed by lateral enlargements (figs. 13, 14); 
but these cannot be an indication of cotyledons, for the cells of 
which they are formed are not differentiated in any manner from 
the rest of the embryonic tissue. Both the spherical and urnlike 
embryos continue to elongate (fig. 15) without any trace of differ- 
entiation, and finally form a long coiled embryo (fig. 16), large and 
well developed, and consisting of about two spirals, lying in the 
rather scant endosperm of the mature seed. The embryo of the 
mature seed bears two small scales near the apex (fig. 17a and 8), 
one on the inner surface of the coil and the other slightly below 
this on the outer surface. Neither of these scales, however, 
from their relation to the other parts of the embryo, can be con- 
sidered as cotyledons. 
