122 THE JOURNAL OF BOTANY 
— the elongation takes place; it certainly occurs to so 
extent after flowering ce before the gress 8 but chiefly, I think, 
during the erecting movement. Nor can I say how pone the peri- 
cline would remain ave lif the Wosthet continued 
Particulars of four observations made last sistiabee Pollen — 
Oss. First Day. Srconp Day. 
1. Two scapes rose and elon- | All fruits on one head dis- 
gated about x 2. persed ; all but — on the 
other. Very windy. 
2. One scape ae and elon- About half the fruits dispersed. 
~~ about x 2. A still da 
3. One scape rose and elon- | About one-fourth the fruits 
edad about x 24. dispersed. still day. 
4, Two scapes rose some-| Both periclines remained 
what acorn Blon closed. Gloomy and wet, 
gated about x 14. Note.—The third day being 
fine, both periclines ex- 
panded and the fruits were 
dispersed. 
The end “pee by these movements is clear, for did the 
fruiting-scape remain prostrate among stones or herbage there 
would be but little exposure to the wind, and the fruits would 
often fall all in a heap, which would not be advantageous to the 
eget but the erection of the scape, coupled with its consider- 
able y tueceer ner eon ners heads to the full action of the wind 
ana enables th uch more ane dispersed. It did 
not occur to me, onal rac late in the season, to compare the cell- 
structure of the flowering- and frui cape, but since 
ting-s url 
the lengthening of the scape it one nga, but more anh 
and its pu amet red tint evidently paler, I infer that the lengthen- 
ing is achieved by means of the elongation of the existing cells 
— than ay any fresh growth from below; thus explaining the 
se of the indiarubber-like opet oe of the s = 
Move ments more or less similar no doubt occur in ort 
peer a apres scape may have that organ oad: cites when in 
ripe hat head 
s which are we el in eness often 
i - open ‘unde hyllaries ocdad laterally, 
showing the s between, and the pappus expands. This migh 
still in the horizontal position; but such false-ripe heads may 
always be detected by the fact that the ee banger do not, as indeed 
they cannot, become reflexed under pressure 
