1921] DACHNOWSKI—PEAT DEPOSITS 61 
regarding types of plant remains the following are some of the 
localities near which layers of peat material are displayed in typical 
orm at or somewhat below the surface of the peat deposit. Ma- 
cerated and colloidal types in Cedar Lake near Fremont, Indiana 
(fig. 2); Phragmites type and Carex type near reservoir on New 
Haven Marsh, Plymouth, Ohio; Hypnum type in Algoma Muskeag 
near Roseau, Minnesota, and in basal layer of the peat deposit 
exposed along the barge canal and James Street bridge below 
Rome, New York; Cladium type in the Florida Everglades at 
Okelanta and vicinity; Scirpus type at Middle River and near 
Wintersburg, California; Sphagnum type on Cranberry Island at 
Buckeye Lake, Ohio (fig. 3), and in peat deposits west of Arlberg, 
Minnesota; coniferous forest types near Kent, Ohio (fig. 10), and 
north of Kelliher and Warroad, Minnesota; mixed deciduous 
forest litter type in Dismal Swamp, Virginia, in basal forest of 
Kankakee Marsh near Crumstown and South Bend, Indiana, and 
in middle and upper forest beds of the peat deposit southwest of 
Rome, New York; deciduous forest type near Mantua, Ohio 
(fig. 12). More specific information concerning peat materials 
and their agricultural and industrial value may be obtained in 
Bulletin 802 (5). 
I. Water-laid peat deposits. 
The chief feature of the group of water-laid peat deposits is 
the presence of aquatic types of peat material as the initial layer. 
The deposits may vary widely in the number and character of the 
initial stages, and the number of stages may range from one layer 
to several in the deeper deposits, including secondary phases. 
From the manner in which the peat materials are laid down in 
standing or in flowing water, in fresh or in brackish and saline 
water, the successive layers as a rule furnish conclusive evidence 
of three major series of stratigraphic differences. The group of 
water-laid peat deposits may be subdivided into (1) basin deposits 
with standing water level, such as lake and pond deposits, and 
(2) deposits in depressions with fluctuating water level, the river 
and overflow deposits, of which the Florida Everglades and their 
alternation of fibrous and macerated layers of peat material are 
