276 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [NOVEMBER 
Pellioniella macrospora, n. sp.—Pycnidia sparse, smooth, 
carbonaceous, globose-conical, beaked, 150-350 in diameter, 
beak 1oo-250 uw in length. Conidiophores at base of pycnidial 
cavity, hyaline, often septate, 5-15 3-5 uw. Paraphyses hyaline, 
strap-shaped, continuous, 5-5ou. Immature conidia hyaline, 
unicellular, irregular, 26-36 14-20 wu; mature conidia sooty black, 
striated, uniseptate, regular, 28 X14 wu. 
Hasitat.—Parasitic on endosperm of seed of Bertholletia 
nobilis Miers and B. excelsa Humb. and Bonpl. 
2. WHITE MOLD 
GENERAL DESCRIPTION.—White mold is not so common as 
black crust, and is probably responsible for less than 1 per cent of 
the Brazil nut decay, but it is a real factor in this loss. The 
diseased nut is normal in external appearance, but is below normal 
in weight. When cracked, the white, fluffy mycelium is seen to 
cover the entire kernel, but soon after exposure the hyphae collapse 
and the yellowed endosperm becomes visible through the mycelial 
mass. A pronounced musty odor arises from the newly shelled 
nut, but the taste of the diseased meat has nothing to distinguish 
it. A cross-section of the nut kernel shows three typical features 
of the disease: (1) the white moldy covering; (2) the endosperm 
layer, sulphur-yellow in color and more than twice as thick as in 
the normal nut; and (3) irregular cracks and cavities in the 
radicle, all filled with white mycelium and spores. The mycelium 
penetrates to the center of the radicle. The hyphae in the tissue 
are very tenuous, less than 2 y in diameter, and are usually so 
closely associated with the cell walls of the host tissue as to make a 
study of them in situ very difficult, but the cell walls of the diseased 
nut are penetrated by them. The fungus was isolated as described, 
but spore dilutions made by touching a sterile loop to the mycelial 
mass in the internal check of the kernel gave pure cultures also. 
MorPxHoLocy.—Mycelium taken from the nut, from nut plugs, 
and from other media was uniform in character. The following 
description is of mycelium taken from cornmeal agar plates. The 
cells measure 20-70 X3.5-10.5 uw, and are hyaline with granular 
contents and guttulae. Anastomosis of cells is of frequent occur- 
