1921] HOLM—CARYA AND JUGLANS 381 
root increases but little in length during the first stages of germina- 
tion, its function becoming performed by a whorl of very long root 
hairs developing from the base 
of the root as soon as the seed 
germinates. In Nelumbium, on 
the other hand, the root remains 
rudimentary, and no whorl of 
hairs becomes formed.‘ 
The structure of the seedling 
of Juglans nigra (text fig. 1) 
agrees with that of J. regia L. 
as described by ScHacut’ and 
Kress. The primary root (R) 
is stout and quite long, but it is 
not fusiform as inCarya. There 
is no hypocotyl, and the coty- 
ledons remain underground, in- 
closed, or partly so, by the 
bony endocarp. They are short 
petioled, auriculate at base, two- 
lobed, and the lobes bifid. The 
petioles form a sheath (S) 
around the plumule, which dur- d 
ing the first season develops into 
a glabrous short shoot. The 
first four or five leaves are very 
small, scalelike, and entire; the 
6 Porreau, Mémoire sur l’embryon 
des Graminées, des Cypéracées, et du 
Nelumbo. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 13:397- 
1809. 
MrrseEL, B., Observations anatomi- 
ques et phystoloutiies sur le Nelumbo 
bid. -p. 474. 
nucifera, 
7 Scuacut, H., Beitrige zur Anatomie | 
| Physiologie le Gewiichse. p. 105. 6 
Fic. 1.—Young seedling of J. nigra, 
en G., Beitriige zur Morphologie showing primary root (R), sheath formed 
und Biologie der Keimung. Untersuch. by cotyledons a and aerial shoot; two- 
Bot. Inst. Tiibingen 1:556. 1881-1885. atural size 
