412 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [DECEMBER 
careful study, and it forms one of the most satisfactory volumes dealing with 
forest resources that has come to our attention. The forests of British Colum- 
bia are much more important economically than those of any other province; 
indeed it is thought that the lumber resources of British Columbia are equal to 
the combined lumber resources of the other provinces. The province has an 
area of.about 356,000 square miles, of which more than half (200,000 square 
miles) is unsuited to the production of merchantable timber, chiefly because 
of altitude. Of the 156,000 square miles that might produce timber, 100,000 
have been ruined by fire. As a matter of fact the land now clothed with 
merchantable timber amounts to only 28,000 square miles. Since most of the 
forest land is non-agricultural, a strong plea is put forth for reforestation. 
The chapters in Part I deal respectively with geographical relations, physio- 
graphic relations, climatic and soil relations, land tenure, forest administration, 
forest policy, forest exploitation, forest trees, and insect injuries. The physio- 
graphic chapter brings out the fact that British Columbia is “‘a sea of moun- 
tains,” and that the average altitude of the province is 3500 ft. above the sea. 
To the ecologist the most interesting chapters are the one on climatic and 
soil relations, in which are discussed the various forest types of the province, 
and the one on forest trees, giving a detailed account of each of the tree species. 
About hal os the maps portray the distribution of individual species. The 
plates grap f forest types and scenes.— 
H. C. Cowtes. 
Montane flora of Burma.—In sketching the vegetation of the mountains 
of northeastern Burma, WARp* shows that a tropical rain forest of Indo-Malay 
forms, such as Dipterocarpus, Shorea, Garcinia, Calamus, and Ficus, is found 
up to an altitude of 5000 ft. From 5000 to 8000 ft. there is developed a temper- 
ate rain forest, with Gordonia, Quercus, Magnolia, Acer, and Rhododendron as 
characteristic species. Epiphytic mosses, ferns, and orchids abound, but 
lianas are few. There follows a conifer forest extending from 8000 to 12,000 ft., 
which shows its tropical relationship only by the presence of species of bamboo. 
Abies predominates, with some admixture of Pseudotsuga, Pinus, Juniperus, 
and Larix. Rhododendron, with over 50 species in the undergrowth and in 
the higher alpine scrub, ‘Rin. Rubus, Rosa, Philadelphus, Deutzia, and 
Hydrangea are among the most abundant shrubs. 
An examination of the flora reveals an admixture of Himalayan, Indo- 
Malayan, Chinese, and endemic forms. This leads to the conclusion that this 
mountain barrier, marking the eastern limit of the Indo-Malayan region for 
75 miles, has been connected in the north with the Himalayan ranges on the 
one hand, and with the great mace divide on the other, linking them in a 
common center.—GEo, D. FuLLE 
ARD, F. K., The distribution of floras in southeast Asia as affected by the 
Burma-Yunnan ranges. Jour. Ind. Bot. 2:21-26. pls. 2. map. 1921. 
