BOTANICAL GAZETTE 
[JANUARY 
.—Lower Pines, northern end of stand: white oak in left foreground; 
pees neh a: oak grubs and invasion of black oak. 
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;. 4.—Lower Pines: fires excluded for a number of years, and there is a W vell 
one shrubby layer in which species of Cornus, Viburnum, Amelanchier, Crataegus; 
nd Prunus, as well as saplings of red and white oak are 
saplings of white and yellow common in open places. 
mon; seedlings and 
