50 BOTANICAL GAZETTE: [JANUARY 
in question, but only one important case comes to my notice which 
resembles that of B. subtilis just cited, and that is to be found in the 
work of Lors with the marine Gammarus, in which he found that 
the animals die more quickly in a solution of 1oo°° 0.375m NaCl 
to which 1°° of a 0.375m CaCl, solution was added than in ‘a pure 
©.375m NaCl solution. 
The results set forth in the foregoing pages, as well as those con- 
tained in a previous paper, tend to show that in their behavior toward 
salts bacteria differ in some respects from both plants and animals 
and occupy a position by themselves. It is evident that mineral 
fertilizers applied to the soil will not have altogether the same effect 
on the bacteria as on the higher plants. Further studies in this 
direction may lead to important practical application. 
Summary 
1. No antagonism exists between magnesium and calcium. Any 
combination of the two salts is more toxic than MgCl, alone for B. 
subtilis. 
2. No antagonism exists between aan and calcium. Any 
combination of the two salts renders it more poisonous than the 
NaCl alone for B. subtilis. : 
3. In these two respects, the behavior of B. subtilis finds no parallel _ 
among plants so far as studied, and scarcely any among animals. 
My thanks are due Professor W. J. V. Osrernour for helpful 
suggestions and criticisms in this work. 
LABORATORY OF Sort BACTERIOLOGY 
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 
