146 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [FEBRUARY 
old pastures. Sample plot no. 37 (fig. 14) gives the character of the 
pasture when the white pine invasion begins. 
Stands of all ages occur from the seedling stage to mature trees. 
As in the case of pitch pine, one may find patches of white pine con- 
H 
C D tic 
bal BP 7d AM c c 
4a0 iy R 
LY To 8 NI c cic 
— 0 4 Cc ejc 
f 0 0 0 c PT 
clele ¢ au 
cle D 0 D c 
¢ ¢ od 
é i an 
a! i} Sw Bie 
a 0 SN AY Ta GE 
SN C 
cicic 8 BS aoe 
ata 7) 0 2 clel | | | fejel 
cle 0 BBE tae 
a D (BCE esee 
c 
L 4 aR / ¢ ely 
c * of 8 Wa WS ke 2 aS oe 
( jen fi tej] js 8 te 
Hi BNRREaRS 
\ oj {ec a 
r) 0 [ Saime 
c Bees 
' 2 Sk OS SB le Be ‘ R ie a sw 
OR, (ica | 9 Ae ae 
ame 
c jae aan ee 
0 BRRUBERee 
L & 0 wy TT fet tel ie 
f C ct SN Be Wl Es 
2 L i 
c 0 me te ee 
6 SW BRR BRS ee 
N ae ee ee 
0 Bee eRe: 
9 § a Ue Be he 
R 0 | jRRE | | 
L_6 C a} jcic) | 
D 0 
Cic PS s : Po | Baa) s\)'4= 
eltt++tt+ttte 
R D ? | cr 
ai) eis had... GT — 
8 jsut i a> 
1 (lsu) | Sw [SN A 
oR [snl oi 
Fic. 14.—Sample plot 37. Pasture being invaded by the white pine, Colchester 
plain, 1 square meter; C, as filiculmis 72; D, Danthonia spicata 34; R, Rumex 
Acetosella 16; SN, Solidago nemoralis 14; H, Hypericum canadense 10; S, Spiraea 
_ tomentosa 6; P, Panicum culls 4; CR, Cladonia rangifera; G, Gnaphalium poly- « 
cephalum t. 
taining three generations of trees, each generation even- -aged and in 
purestand. The stands now in the process of installation offer a good 
opportunity to study the abundance of seedlings in relation to the 
distance from the mother tree. For example, the number of seedlings 
were counted on plots 5™ square with the following results: 30 to 25” 
