138 



BOTANICAL GAZETTE 



[august 



distance, the slopes mantled with vegetation appear to be much 

 steeper than they actually are. The actual slopes range between 

 40 and 8o°, averaging 50-60 . The vertical walls are either totally 

 bare, or, if somewhat roughened and ledgy, support a depauperate, 

 windswept, scattering growth of hardy grasses, ferns, and bry- 

 ophytes. The moist areas, produced by seepage waters, are 

 habitats of algae, lichens, and mosses. 



The finest examples of tapestry forest occur in the following 

 situations. On the island of Kauai: the Na Pali district, Wainiha, 









Fig. i. — Tapestry forest on deeply eroded mountain ridges 



Hanalei, and on the upper summit ridges and cliffs of Waialeale. 

 On the island of Oahu: the windward precipices of the Koolau 

 Range, and such valleys as Makaha, Makua, and Waianae, in the 

 Waianae Range. On the island of Molokai: the precipices and 

 summit slopes of such valleys as Halawa, Pelekunu, Wailau, and 

 Kalawao. On the island of Maui: the valleys of Iao, Waikapu, 

 Waihee, and the summit slopes of West Maui; also the windward 

 and eastern valley slopes of East Maui. On the island of Hawaii: 

 Waipio and Waimanu valleys, and other precipitous slopes along 

 the Hamakua coast. 



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