294 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [NOVEMBER 
and E. scirpinium Chan. In his extensive work covering the 
anatomy of the leaf, stem, rhizome, and root, M6sius showed that 
this similarity is only apparent, and that in reality the stem of 
Eryngium is not merely a dicotyledon, but is one of an advanced 
type. 
A rather unique and quite extensive study of the mechanical 
tissue in the stem and leaf was made by FuNK (23), as recently as 
IQI2. 
The formation of the leaves, umbels, and gross morphology 
next received attention from workers like JocHMANN (38), 
BUCHENAU (7), Mout (50), ROSSMANN (60), CLos (10, 11), GERARD 
(28), Ktauscu (41), Domin (18, 19), PETERSEN (57), RENNERT (59), 
TERNETz (66), WRETSCHKO (84), and GRIESEBACH (209). 
The oil ducts or secreting canals were studied by MEYEN (47), 
JocHMANN (38), MEYER (48), VAN TIEGHEM (73, 74, 75), MULLER 
(53), MoyNIER DE VILLEPOIX (52), LANGE (43), and VUILLEMIN (79). 
PAYER (56), TRECUL (67), and JocHMANN (38), whose works 
appeared but a few months apart, were the first to attempt-the 
organogeny of this family. In the formation and development of 
the leaves all three disagree, and all differ from the account given by 
GRIESEBACH (29), but the accounts of PAYER (56) and JoCHMANN 
(38) agree in regard to the floral development and also with the 
accounts of SIELER (62) and HANNAH (31). SIELER, however, 
interprets the “calycis primordium” of these workers as a special 
kind of organ, which gives rise to the calyx, and naturally he finds 
fault with the seemingly existing ‘“primordialkelch,”’ a view which 
I failed to receive from the reading of both Paver’s and JOCHMANN’S 
works. JOCHMANN’S work especially evinces great care, and no 
doubt, had modern technique been available in his day, the embry- 
ogeny would have been included. Like all the earlier workers, 
JocHMANN begins his study with germination, but, unlike them, 
he pays special attention to the root, rhizome, and stem, their 
anatomy, and their oil ducts. He then proceeds to discuss the 
development of the leaves, umbels, flower, stylopodium, style, 
“‘gynoecium,”’ pericarp, and the seed. 
Among other workers dealing with the development or histology 
of the fruit may be mentioned Lanessan (44), BartscH (2); 
